珠江三角洲“耕保型村庄”的发展诉求与耕地保护经济补偿
——以佛山市南海区平沙村为例
Development Demand and Economic Compensation of "Agricultural Land Protection Villages" in Pearl River Delta: A Case Study of Pingsha Village in Nanhai District of Foshan
摘要 2013年以来“城乡统一的建设用地市场”已成为土地制度改革的中心议题,但这一制度仍受困于“计划性”的城乡建设用地的指标总控以及耕地(尤其是基本农田)指标控制。基于此,对于基层政府而言,辖区内的基于城乡建设用地的利益格局与基于基本农田保护的责任格局产生了智识与政策层面上的双重分裂,而“耕保型村庄”长期作为一个失语者则未得到应有的追踪与调研。文章以珠江三角洲的佛山市南海区为例,借由案例村庄的深度访谈来折射其对于农村土地制度改革(尤其是农村集体经营性建设用地)的期望以及对于耕地保护经济补偿的诉求,期望能对新一轮次的城乡统筹发展与村庄规划有所启发。
关键词 耕保型村庄;诉求;珠江三角洲;经济补偿abstract Since 2013, "an integrated urban and rural constructible land market" has become the central topic of land reform. However, this proposal is largely confined by the "planned" total amount of constructible land area and the agricultural land area (especially the basic agricultural land area). Thus, local governments are facing a dilemma on both intellectual and policy levels between the interest of developing constructible land and the responsibility of protecting basic agricultural land. Under this background, the agricultural land protection villages have long been marginalized and deserve more attention. Based on in-depth interviews, this article uses Nanhai district of Foshan in Pearl River Delta as an example to show the demands and expectations of land reforms in rural areas (especially collectively owned commercial constructible land) and economic compensation of agricultural land protection, hoping to provide references to the upcoming round of integrated planning of urban and rural areas.
KeY Words agricultural land protection villages; demand; Pearl River Delta; economic compensation
*“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题:传统村落基础设施完善与使用功能拓展关键技术研究与示范,项目编号: 2014BAL06B02。
中图分类号 TU982.29文献标识码 A
DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2017.02.079文章编号 1000-0232(2017)02-0079-07
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作者简介华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室,副教授;电子邮箱 :87083018@qq.com ;
2 3 4华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,副教授; 华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室,副教授; 深圳市城市规划设计研究院有限公司,规划师
1990年代以来,珠江三角洲遵循新自由主义(New Liberalism)的经济发展思路,各城市着力提升政府的公共管理效率和优化相关的配套服务以迎合资本的进驻。这一“新公共管理(new public management)”运动使政府
职能逐步从“维护社会公平向追求市场效率”转化(Tim Hall,1996),乃至沦为“企业型政府(entrepreneurial government)”(Harvey,1989)。政府专注于经济总量的增长,而非经济发展水平的提升和居民生活质量的改善