French mothers in Syria faced with terrible choice in an ‘unbearable situation’

For dozens of French women detained in Syria, an impossible choice looms: keep their children in a war zone; or send them home knowing they might never see each other again.

Like other western nations that experienced civilian movement to Iraq or Syria, France is grappling with how to handle citizens left in the war zone after heavy losses for ISIS.

Last week, France announced plans to start repatriating up to 150 children, many of whom are being held with their mothers by Kurdish forces in Syria after ISIS defeats.

But French officials made it clear that the mothers themselves will not be welcomed home.

A few days ago, Nadine – not her real name – had a phone call from her daughter-in-law in a Kurdish camp.

The young mother was in tears. “Do I have to abandon my children in order for them to go back to France?” she sobbed. Nadim Houry, a Human Rights Watch official who regularly visits the Kurdish camps, said France’s announcement would “bring an end to an unbearable situation”.

There are no schools or activities for children in the camps, where poor hygiene causes regular bouts of diarrhoea, vomiting and skin infections.

Lawyers for the mothers, pushing for the whole families to be repatriated, have complained for months of deplorable conditions in the camps.

“My daughter-in-law gets sick a lot, like her children,” Nadine said. “She only weighs 45 kilograms.”

Reluctant to bring extremists back to home soil, France has so far insisted its captured nationals must go on trial locally.

About 260 adults and 80 minors have already returned to France from Syria or Iraq, while this year French authorities estimated that more than 700 adults and 500 children were still in the war zone.

Several French adults have already been tried in Iraq and seen their children repatriated.

But in Syria, most of the remaining French nationals are being held in northern Syria in territory that, while under Kurdish control, does not constitute an internationally recognised state.

Kurdish forces have repeatedly insisted they will not try foreign prisoners and have called on the extremists’ home countries to repatriate them.

With a few exceptions, such as Russia, Indonesia and Sudan, most countries have, like France, been highly reluctant.

Mr Houry said the idea that France could leave the Kurds to put its nationals on trial was “a fiction” that it was maintaining in an attempt to avoid public alarm at an impending wave of returns by extremists.

Lawyers for the mothers, meanwhile, say it is a travesty that a country which touts itself as a beacon of human rights would separate parents from children and leave its citizens in a war zone.

William Bourdon, a lawyer for several of the women, insisted that “the vast majority have had no combat or active role in ISS and have a right to a fair trial, which can only take place in France”.

Nadine began sobbing at the thought of the choice facing her daughter-in-law.

“Having to give away your children without knowing whether or not you’re going to see them again one day, or who will be looking after them – can you imagine doing that to someone?” she said.

“My daughter-in-law is still breastfeeding the youngest, just eight months old. It’s an unspeakable cruelty.”

Mr Houry predicted that many of the mothers will refuse to separate from their children – an assessment shared by relatives in France.

“It’s their comfort, their only reason for living,” said one resident in northern France, whose sister is still in Syria.

“My daughter-in-law will not give up her little one like that, not even knowing what’s going to become of herself,” said Sarah (not her real name).

Sarah’s son and his wife set off for Syria in 2016 and were arrested a year ago by the Kurds.

The mother and son are both in a camp, fending off illness and chasing away mice from their tent, Sarah said.

Like the families, child psychologist Serge Hefez believes separating the children from their parents can only bring more harm.

“Keeping a link with a parent, even if it’s visits in prison, is essential for a child,” he said.

Otherwise, he said, the children run a greater risk of radicalisation themselves – turning the absent parent “into a hero or a martyr”.

Having to give away your children without knowing whether you’re going to see them again – can you imagine doing that? NADINE Mother of French prisoner