ELLE (UK)

The main offenders

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STRESS directs blood to essential organs, leaving you with a paler complexion that makes dark circles more noticeable.

TIREDNESS slows down our blood circulatio­n, which shows around the eyes as puffiness and dark shadows.

IRON DEFICIENCY can manifest itself around the eyes as almost bruised rings.

SALTY AND PROCESSED FOODS are the worse culprits for causing fluid retention, resulting in temporary eye puffiness.

FOOD ALLERGIES can cause constant puffiness. Wheat, in particular, has been known to contribute to dark circles.

CERTAIN MEDICATION­S that dilate blood vessels can increase blood flow around the eyes, which causes shadows.

ALCOHOL leads to dehydratio­n, which leaves eyes inflamed and irritated.

GENES play a huge part in dark circles, fine lines and wrinkles.

* CHOOSE FRAGRANCEF­REE EYE FORMULAS AND SKIN CREAMS TO AVOID IRRITATION

AND REDNESS

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