Trading partners
How other nations deal with the EU
What legal arrangements do other countries have with the EU?
Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein: As members of the European Free Trade Area, they are subject to a number of EU laws mainly relating to trade. They have an independent EFTA Court that enforces these laws, but sometimes agree to defer to the ECJ.
Moldova: It is bound by the EU Moldova Association Agreement. Judicial and political disputes between the two are settled by an arbitration panel, but any dispute that involves the interpretation of EU law must go to the ECJ.
Canada: Under the Eu-canada Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, disputes are settled by an independent arbitration body. Vietnam has a similar trade agreement.