I'VE ALWAYS WANTED A... FISHPOND
Follow this step-by-step guide to create a thriving water world in your garden
Having a fishpond may not be everyone’s idea of fun, but those who love them know that this humble water feature has the power to create tranquillity in the most urban of locations. From the soothing sounds of rippling water to the calming nature of fish swimming in and out of reeds, a fishpond could bring the quiet moment of contemplation your garden is missing.
1 location & depth
When choosing a location for your fishpond, be sure to avoid areas that are vulnerable to gusty winds and lots of falling leaves, or where water pools after heavy rain. A sunny location that’s protected from some of the harsher elements and is partially shaded is perfect for both fish and pond plants.
“Somewhere with a little cover from foliage around the pond, and planting within the pond to protect fish from predators is best,” says James Headland of Sydney’s Pangkarra Garden Design. “Standard depth regulations specify that ponds are to be no deeper than 300mm. If your pond is deeper than that, you’ll need to cover the top of it with mesh to prevent small children falling in.”
Of course, shallow ponds are good for growing lily pads. They also take up less space and are cheaper to install, but are really only suitable for small fish.
2 installation
You can buy pre-made pond kits from hardware stores and landscaping retailers, however these are usually best suited to small projects. If you plan to install a large pond, you’ll need to consult a professional to ensure the landscaping and lining are done correctly.
Concrete is robust; rubber and plastic can also be used, though require careful installation to ensure the pond is water-tight. “If you’re doing a naturalstyle pond, a durable, UV-stable PVC pond liner is best,” says James. “Just make sure it’s also fish- and marine-safe.”
3 plants
When it comes to landscaping your water feature, rocks, pebbles and pavers are excellent for framing, but you’ll need a specific selection of plants to ensure a successful ecosystem within: oxygenators, floaters, submersibles and marginal plants. Some species that James recommends include water lilies (Nymphaea spp), Marsilea mutica and Iris versicolor. Ask a specialist at your local plant store for recommendations that suit your climate.
4 fish
Not all fish species will thrive in a pond, so be sure to consult an aquatic expert before purchasing. “Koi and goldfish are the most popular fish kept in ponds,” says James. “But in Australia, the only states that allow pond hobbyists to keep koi are NSW, ACT and WA. The rest can only keep goldfish, but there are heaps of different species, colours and fin shapes to choose from.”
Remember, fish require food and oxygenated water to survive, so choose pond-happy plants that will supply food for the fish, and a water pump that properly oxygenates the water.
5 water pumps & filters
To maintain effective filtration and, therefore, water quality and clarity, you will need to install a pond pump. “Low voltage is best, and try to match the size of the pond with the size of your pump so it works effectively to move water around,” says James.
Look for a pump that can process your pond’s entire water volume within two hours, or faster if the pond also has fish. A submersible pump is the easiest to install as it’s simply placed in the pond, while external pumps require plumbing through the wall of the pond, which requires extra water sealing.
Solar-powered pumps are best, but if you require an electric connection, ensure it’s installed by a professional – never use extension cables. Consult an aquatic gardening expert if you have any more questions about filtration.