R.E. OLDS & THE HILL DIESEL MOTOR CO.
RANSOM OLDS, THE HILL DIESEL ENGINE COMPANY & THE HILL MODEL R
Most of you know the Oldsmobile name. And since you are a diesel enthusiast reading the world’s premier diesel enthusiast magazine, you will naturally connect that brand name to the infamous ’78 Olds 350 diesel (see Diesel World June 2018). You may even know the Oldsmobile car was named after a very talented gent named Ransom E. Olds (1864-1950). Odds are slimmer that you know Mr. Olds was an early pioneer in the manufacture of diesel engines. This is the story of how he went over the Hill. Hill Diesel, that is.
In 1883 Olds began working for his father and older brother at P.F. Olds & Son, a company that dealt mainly with steam power equipment. In 1890 he bought his brother’s share of the company and, seeing external combustion (steam) was on the way out, began pushing his father into a new direction: internal combustion. P.F. Olds & Son soon became the Olds Gasoline Engine Works, producing a variety of innovative engines from 1 to 50 horsepower. Some of them used a hot tube ignition, an idea that translated into the development of the diesel engine, then commonly known as an “oil” engine.
Olds began experimenting with motor vehicles in the late 1880s. By 1896 he had some salable ideas for a gasoline-powered automobile. Concurrent with the engine plant, Olds began the Olds Motor Vehicle Company in 1897 but needed cash to bring cars to volume production. Investors came in and though it diluted Olds’ interests and focus somewhat, he was still VP and General Manager of what became Olds Motor Works. The gas engine plant was folded into the business but Olds wasn’t hands-on there any more. By 1910 that part of the company had become the Seager Engine Works under new owners.
After a very rocky road that included his main plant burning to the ground, Olds introduced what have become known as the “Curved Dash” Oldsmobile cars in 1901. These became America’s first high-volume, best-selling automobile and formed the roots of the Oldsmobile brand that was slurped up by the new General Motors in 1908. Olds had departed the company by then, having left in 1904 during an internal dispute over new models. Olds then started Reo Motors in 1905 (“REO” from his initials), which quickly began outselling Oldsmobile. Olds soon debuted a line of Reo trucks that ended up with more staying power than the cars, which faded in the early 1930s. The Reo truck line lasted into the late 1950s.
Ransom Olds was always looking for new ventures and in 1924 bought J.P. Edmonds’ stock shares of the Bates and Edmonds
Motor Company. Madison F. Bates and James P. Edmonds had left the Olds Gasoline Engine Company in 1899, still basically on good terms with Olds, to start their own engine manufacturing firm in Lansing. Olds renamed it the Hill Diesel Engine Company, reportedly after Harry Hill, whom Olds put in charge, while remaining chairman of the board.
Bates and Edmonds had been building a well-respected oil engine since at least 1919. The Bull Dog was of the Hvid type (pronounced “Veed”), which was compression ignition but with a low-pressure fuel system. Under the Hill name it evolved into the model V, built with one through four cylinders (4.75x8-inch bore and stroke). The new Model A engine (6x10-inch bore and stroke) and the model B (5x7-inch bore and stroke) came along some time after 1924 and were similar in design, still using a Hvid injection system in four- or six-cylinder configuration.
By 1928 the Hill Models A and B had evolved into a prechamber diesel with a high-pressure injection system. Soon after, the more compact Type C engine (3.5x6-inch bore and stroke) debuted as a four- or six-cylinder, and this is when Ransom Olds made an effort to promote diesels in trucks. He had a Reo Speed Wagon truck repowered with a four-cylinder Type C diesel and sent it