National Post (National Edition)
Second vaccine 94.5% effective
Easier distribution as Moderna's version requires normal fridge temp
News of another promising COVID-19 vaccine candidate emerged Monday as Canada reached 300,000 cases, with the two hardest-hit provinces continuing to report more than 1,000 daily new infections and a sudden spike in Nunavut triggering a two-week lockdown.
Moderna's announcement that its COVID-19 vaccine appears to be 94.5 per cent effective, according to preliminary data, comes a week after a similar announcement from Pfizer.
Together with Pfizer's vaccine, which is also more than 90 per cent effective, and pending more safety data and regulatory review, the two vaccines could be authorized in the United States for emergency use in December with as many as 60 million doses of vaccine available this year.
Both American companies are among those that have signed agreements with Canada, and have asked Health Canada to review their products.
Unlike Pfizer’s vaccine, Moderna’s shot can be stored at normal fridge temperatures, which should make it easier to distribute, a critical factor as COVID-19 cases are soaring, hitting new records in the U.S. and pushing some European countries back into lockdowns.
“We are going to have a vaccine that can stop COVID-19,” Moderna president Stephen Hoge said in a telephone interview.
Moderna’s interim analysis was based on 95 infections among trial participants who received the vaccine or a placebo. Only five infections occurred in volunteers who received the vaccine mRNA-1273, which is administered in two shots 28 days apart.
Moderna expects to have enough safety data required for U.S. authorization in the next week or so and expects to file for emergency use authorization in the coming weeks.
Canada’s Health Minister Patty Hajdu said Monday the news from Moderna is “a light at the end of the tunnel,” echoing Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s comments last week regarding the Pfizer vaccine.
But she said Canada is still months away from being able to distribute a vaccine, noting both drugs must still be approved in Canada. The federal government has deals to buy millions of doses of both if they are approved, she said. The provinces and territories are also working out their distribution plans, Hajdu said.
“We’ve still got a long way to go. So I encourage everyone to continue to follow the public health measures that are keeping us safe, to reducing their gatherings, to making sure that they’re staying home when they’re sick and washing their hands and wearing a face mask,” she said.
Ontario’s health minister, Christine Elliott, said Monday the province has a team preparing a plan for the distribution of a vaccine, including ethicists to ensure the immunization is doled out “fairly and equitably and to the people that absolutely need it the most.”
Calling it a “top priority,” Elliott said the province will be “ready to go as soon as the vaccines are available.”
Isaac Bogoch, an infectious disease specialist at the University of Toronto’s Temerty Faculty of Medicine, said that based on the data available, “there is room for cautious optimism” regarding both vaccine candidates.
But he said no one should be surprised if there are hiccups along the road, noting many questions remain unanswered, such as the drugs’ effectiveness in a real-world setting and how long immunity will last.
Even once vaccines are available for distribution, it will take a long time for everyone to be immunized, and the daily case counts show the spread of the virus is accelerating, Bogoch said.
“Certainly there can be a lot of damage done between now and when vaccine programs are rolled up,” he said.
“So, we really hope that the provinces and municipal, political, and public health leaders take steps to protect people. And I hope people take steps to protect themselves and their community,” he said.
Nunavut, which had no infections until this month, ordered a two-week shutdown of non-essential businesses and schools as its tally rose to 26 cases.
Ontario and Quebec, the two provinces that account for the bulk of Canada’s COVID-19 case count, reported 1,487 and 1,218 new infections, respectively, on Monday as well as 10 and 25 more deaths.
In Manitoba, where 392 new cases and 10 additional deaths were logged Monday, the province’s chief public health officer warned that hospitals are near capacity.
Dr. Brent Roussin said it appears some people aren’t understanding that they need to stay home, noting one COVID-19 case over the weekend had come in contact with 85 others.
Out east, New Brunswick reported eight new cases, and Nova Scotia recorded two. Over the weekend, Alberta saw a daily increase of more than 1,000 cases, though that dropped back to 991 on Sunday.
Green party Leader Annamie Paul says the federal government needs a national task force of scientists to create a co-ordinated response to COVID-19 across the country, saying the current approach is leading to mixed messages.