Green oases beginning to blossom in American cities
Across the U.S., urban landscapes known for concrete and glass have been embracing foliage and flowers. And not just the occasional geranium-filled flower box.
Greenery-lined waterfront promenades have replaced windblown stretches of highway, gemlike “pocket parks” featuring flower gardens and waterfalls have replaced empty lots, and even blighted rail tracks have sprouted gardens brimming with native grasses and shrubs.
“I noticed it all of a sudden one day while walking to the Metropolitan Museum of Art,” said photographer Betsy Pinover Schiff of New York City. “It was just a 25-block walk, and for some reason I noticed the gorgeous tree beds in front of a building. And then I noticed the tree beds in front of the building next to it. Each block seemed to be in competition with the next, with these stunning flower beds and dramatic flower pots in front of the entryways. New Yorkers clearly love to enter and exit their homes and offices through gorgeous garden spaces.”
There are sidewalk gardens across the city, Schiff discovered as she wandered farther.
She reports on the trend in her new book, Sidewalk Gardens of New York (Monacelli Press). Plazas and tiny parks tucked discretely between skyscrapers offer respite to pedestrians; new waterfront gardens grace Brooklyn, Queens and Lower Manhattan; and enormous tree beds, planters and hanging baskets brim with flowers and greenery.
“In the city, a garden can be found in something as small as a window box or potted plants on a stoop. And the plant palette is now more diverse, expanded to include perennials and grasses with fourseason interest,” Schiff said.
Urban gardening isn’t just hot in New York, of course. Detroit has begun replacing abandoned buildings with green areas to counter urban blight; a non-profit, Greening of Detroit, has joined forces with one neighbourhood to transform vacant lots into outdoor education centres. In Atlanta, an ambitious Beltline project aims to convert 35 kilometres of railway beds into a biking and pedestrian loop and streetcar line.
The greening of cities reflects both public and private initiatives.
New York City Parks Commissioner Mitchell J. Silver credits community gardeners for much of the transformation there. For instance, Bill LoSasso is director of the GreenThumb community garden program, which has 600 community gardens and 20,000 gardeners throughout the city.
“Our phones are ringing off the hook with people who want to start a garden or join a garden or learn about gardening,” he said.
Nevin Cohen, a professor at the City University of New York’s graduate school of public health, said cities’ efforts include “everything from green roofs to bioswales — landscaped mounds on median strips or along roadways and sidewalks that help stormwater percolate into the ground instead of running into the sewage system.”
Another benefit of green space is encouraging more physical activity and healthier eating. The Via Verde Greenway in the Bronx, for example, features a rooftop garden and apple orchard.
Schiff said New York has seen more than 325 hectares of parkland added in recent years, including major waterfront developments and the MillionTreesNYC campaign, which helped bring about a 30-per-cent increase in street trees. At the same time, she says, private funds for public parks have also grown significantly, to groups such as the Central Park Conservancy, the Friends of the High Line and the Battery Conservancy.