Variants forcing B.C. to bolster screening
Public health expert suggests B.C. adopt a ‘bubble’ strategy
VANCOUVER — There’s a race between COVID-19 and the rollout of vaccine as researchers and health officials in B.C. warn of two faster-spreading variants. The number of variant cases may start low, but increased transmission could only be a few weeks away, just as delivery of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine is delayed, said Caroline Colijn, a research chairwoman of Infection, Evolution and Public Health at Simon Fraser University. Colijn’s lab released modelling data this week showing public health rules in several provinces, including B.C., would not be sufficient to prevent exponential growth in cases starting around March if a COVID-19 variant with a 40 per cent higher transmission rate became established.
“By established I mean some cluster doesn’t get stopped and takes off and we don’t notice or we don’t act and we are unable to stop those chains of transmission,” she said.
Colijn added she would expect public health officials to enact further restrictions before such exponential growth in variant cases.
Provincial health officer Dr. Bonnie Henry said B.C. has detected three cases of a variant found in South Africa and none were linked to each other or to travel, pointing to community spread.
On Wednesday, Interior Health reported 83 new cases of COVID-19 in the previous 24 hours for a total of 1,008 active. Of those, 48 are in hospital and 16 are in critical care. In the province, B.C. reported 485 new infections on Wednesday for a provincial total 4,299 active cases.
Two additional deaths were reported at Noric House in Vernon; there have been 68 deaths in IH overall.
By completing whole genome sequencing, the B.C. Centre for Disease Control has also recorded six travelrelated cases of the COVID-19 variant first found in the United Kingdom, which appears significantly more transmissible than earlier strains.
B.C. is sequencing about 15 per cent of samples that test positive for COVID-19 in the province, said Natalie Prystajecky, head of the environmental microbiology program at the BCCDC.
Sequencing is more labour-intensive than diagnostic testing, she said, so it can take up to two weeks to produce data from a given sample.
B.C. has sequenced about 11,000 COVID-positive samples since last February and generated quality data from about 9,500 of them, she said. The average rate of sequencing across Canada is between five and 10 per cent, said Prystajecky, a member of the Canadian COVID-19 Genomics Network that received funding last spring to sequence 150,000 samples.
Prystajecky said her lab is also planning to do a “point prevalence study” to screen a high number of samples at a given point in time.
B.C. is taking a smart approach to sequencing by targeting travel-related cases, said Colijn, but at the rate sequencing data becomes available, “there could be 10 or 50 or 100 cases of whatever we detect at the time.”
Colijn said B.C. should consider Atlantic Canada’s approach and create a so-called “Pacific bubble” that would require travellers from other provinces to selfisolate for 14 days upon arrival in B.C.
Data from Pfizer and Moderna — the pharmaceutical companies behind two COVID-19 vaccines approved in Canada — show their products still protect people against the U.K. and South African variants, said Fiona Brinkman, a professor in the molecular biology and biochemistry department at Simon Fraser University.
“What this means is people really need to hunker down until this vaccine gets out into the population further,” she said in an interview this week.
“We really are in a race between the vaccine and the virus right now.”
Basic measures including physical distancing and avoiding non-essential travel are still effective in preventing new variants from spreading, she said.