Happy Demographics Independence Day of
Country overview:
Short name INDIA Languages Hindi (hi), English (en), etc. Time zone +5:30 Capital New Delhi President Ram Nath Kovind, Prime minister Narendra Modi Census Total Population: 1255.56 M (2014) Census) Rural Population: (% of total population)
Age structure: 0–14 years: 30.8%(male 173,478,760/ female 163,852,827) 15–64 years: 64.3% (male 363,876,219/ female 340,181,764) 65 years and over: 4.9% (male 27,258,020/ female 26,704,405) (2006 est.) The average age of Indians is 24.8 years.
Population growth rate: 1.606%% (2007 Birth rate: 22.69 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) Death rate: 6.58 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) Literacy rate: 65.38% (2001 est.) Percent of the population under the poverty line: 22%(2006 est.) Unemployment Rate: 7.8% Total population: 1.064 male (s)/ female (2006 est.) Total fertility rate: 2.81 children born/woman (2007 est.) The TFR (Total number of children born per women ) according to Religion in 2001 was : Hindus - 2.27, Muslims - 3.06, Sikhs - 1.86, Christians - 2.06, Buddhists - 2.29, Jains - 1.50 , Animists and Others - 2.99, Tribals - 3.16, Scheduled Castes - 2.89. Religions: Hindu 80.5%, Mus- lim 13.1%, Christian 2.31%, Buddhists 1.05%, Sikh 1.93%, Jains 0.41 %, Others or not stated 0.76% (2001 Census) Scheduled Castes and Tribes: Scheduled Castes: 16.2% (2001 Census) Scheduled Tribes: 8.2% (2001 Census)
Languages: There are 216 languages with more than 10,000 native speakers in India. The largest of these by far is Hindi with some 337 million (the second largest being Bengali with some 207 million). 22 languages are recognized as “official languages”. In India, there are 1,652 languages and dialects in total.
Road to Independence On 3 June 1947, Viscount Lord Louis Mountbatten, the last British Governor-General of India, announced the partitioning of the British Indian Empire into an India and Pakistan, under the provisions of the Indian Independence Act 1947. At stroke of midnight, on 15 August 1947, India became an independent nation. This was pre- ceded by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru’s famous speech titled Tryst with destiny. “At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom. A moment comes, which comes but rarely in history, when we step out from the old to the new, when an age ends, and when the soul of a nation, long suppressed, finds utterance..... We end today a period of ill fortune, and India discovers herself again. ” Prime Minister Nehru and Deputy Prime Minister Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel invited Lord Mountbatten to continue as Governor General of India. He was replaced in June 1948 by Chakravarti Rajagopalachari. Patel took on the responsibility of unifying 565 princely states, steering efforts by his “iron fist in a velvet glove” policies, exemplified by the use of military force to integrate Junagadh, Jammu and Kashmir, and Hyderabad state into India. The Constituent Assembly completed the work of drafting the constitution on 26 November 1949; on 26 January 1950 the Republic of India was officially proclaimed. The Constituent Assembly elected Dr. Rajendra Prasad as the first President of India, taking over from Governor General Rajgopalachari. Subsequently, a free and sovereign India absorbed two other territories: Goa (liberated from Portuguese control in 1961) and Pondicherry (which the French ceded in 1954). In 1952, India held its first general elections, with a voter turnout exceeding 62%; in practice, this made India the world’s largest democracy.