Canada’s next federal vote will be Russian meddling target: Sajjan
HALIFAX — With a federal election less than a year away, Canada’s defence minister is warning voters they will be targeted by online cyber-attacks and fake news as Russia steps up its efforts to undermine western democracies.
“We have taken this into account very seriously in our defence policy,” Harjit Sajjan said. “We need to further educate our citizens about the impact of fake news. No one wants to be duped by anybody.”
Sajjan made the comments at a defence and security conference in Halifax, where military officers, politicians and experts representing global democracies spent a great deal of time discussing cyber-warfare.
“When we stand up for human rights, and when we stand up ... to nations like Russia who are going against the rules-based order ... you become a target,” Sajjan said.
He said the Canadian government has a cyber-security plan that includes establishing the Canadian Centre for Cyber Security within the Communications Security Establishment, Canada’s domestic spy agency.
Rose Gottemoeller, deputysecretary general of NATO, stressed that Russia is not the only country using the internet to spread disinformation, citing a NATO report released Sunday that drew attention to North Korea, China and Iran.
The report, presented Sunday to a NATO Parliamentary Assembly meeting in Halifax, was discussed by NATO’s science and technology committee.
U.S. Democratic congresswoman Susan Davis told the committee Russian interference continued in the early stages of the recent U.S. mid-term elections, although not on the scale seen during the 2016 election that saw Donald Trump elected president.
Last year, Facebook said hundreds of dubious accounts, likely operated out of Russia, spent about $100,000 on some 3,000 ads in the U.S. about contentious issues such as LGBT rights, race, immigration and guns. Facebook later said an estimated 10 million people in the U.Ssaw the ads.
Gottemoeller, who previously served as undersecretary for international security at the U.S. State Department, said democracies have to be ready to defend themselves — on the battlefield or in cyberspace.
“There’s a lot of creativity among the bad guys,” she said in an interview Sunday.
As an example, Gottemoeller pointed to the Canadian-led NATO Battle Group in Latvia, which has been subjected to a steady stream of fake news aimed at undermining the year-old mission.
“The Russians are pumping out a lot of reports about misbehaviour of Canadian troops and how expensive the (battle group) is for Latvia,” she said, adding that Canadian soldiers have taken a proactive role by letting local residents know why they are there. It’s a great example of how Canada ... has made a difference pushing back against disinformation.”
Pauline Neville-Jones, chair of the U.K.-based Advisory Board to Cyber Security Challenge, said Russian operatives use online algorithms to distribute false stories that are aimed at sowing division and distrust of democratic institutions.
“In the case of Canada, (the Russians) would find it very interesting to try to destabilize your relationship with the United States,” said Neville-Jones, who was David Cameron’s national security adviser before Cemeron became Britain’s prime minister.
She said the rise of social media has eroded the influence of traditional media sources, which has left citizens more susceptible to cyber-attacks. The best defence against fake news, she said, is to seek other news sources.
“Propaganda ... has been one of the things they’ve always done. They see international relations as a zero-sum game. If you’re losing, then I’m winning.”