INDICATORS OF A ‘NON-GENUINE’ MARRIAGE

University-educated Chinese nationals marrying non-Chinese

Photos without parents or any family members, just a small group of friends

Private marriage ceremony performed by either a minister or justice of the peace

Informal reception in a restaurant

Sponsor is uneducated, with a low-paying job or on welfare

The couple do not kiss on the lips in photos

Couples who do not have a honeymoon, not even a couple of days away, usually because of university and/or no money There are no “diamond” rings Wedding photos done professionally but pictures are very limited

Some submit photos dressed in pajamas or cooking, to show they are living together

Photos have them wearing the same clothes in various locations

Are they touching each other in the photos, or trying not to touch?

Photos of activities taken in the Niagara Falls area, Niagaraon-the-Lake and Toronto. Source: Citizenship and Immigration Canada training guide