低压真空渗碳技术在轴齿热处理中的应用与变形控制

（1.中国第一汽车集团有限公司工程与生产物流部，长春 130011；2.一汽解放汽车有限公司传动事业部，长春 130011； 3.中国第一汽车集团有限公司研发总院，长春 130011；4.一汽解放商用车开发院工艺材料部，长春 130011）

摘要：介绍了轴齿低压真空渗碳热处理技术的设备系统、工艺原理及实施过程，阐述真空热处理技术应用优势，分析真空热处理技术与传统可控气氛热处理技术的差异；针对变速箱齿轮热处理后变形控制对后续加工和装配工艺有较大影响，分别从材料、气淬压力、预冷温度、装炉方式等多个维度讨论研究某变速箱齿轮渗碳热处理变形的影响因素，分析控制齿轮热后变形的一般办法，保证轴齿产品质量，为变速箱轴齿真空热处理技术的进一步推广应用提供支持。

关键词：真空炉 渗碳淬火 变形控制 影响因素

中图分类号：U466 文献标识码：B 10.19710/J.cnki.1003-8817.20200141

DOI: Application and Deformation Control of Low Pressure Vacuum Carburizing Technology in Shaft Tooth Heat Treatment

Wang Dapeng1, Guo Chenglong2, Dong Xiaofei3, Wu Ning4, Jiang Yu1, Gao Zhiyong3

（1.Engineering and Production Logistics Department of China FAW Group Co., Ltd., Changchun 130011; 2. FAW Jiefang Automobile Co., Ltd. Transmission Division, Changchun 130011; 3. General Research & Institute of China FAW Group Co., Ltd., Changchun 130011; 4. Process & Materials Department of FAW Jiefang Commercial Vehicle Development Institute, Changchun 130011）

Abstract： This paper introduces equipment system, process principle and implementation process of lowpressure vacuum carburizing heat treatment technology for shaft teeth, elaborates the advantages of vacuum heat treatment technology application, and analyzes the difference between vacuum heat treatment technology and traditional controllable atmosphere heat treatment technology. Since deformation control post gearbox gear heat treatment has great impact on subsequent processing and assembly processes, the factors affecting the carburizing heat treatment deformation of a gearbox gear are discussed and studied from multiple dimensions such as material, gas quenching pressure, pre-cooling temperature, and furnace loading method, and the general approach to control the deformation of the gear after thermal treatment is analyzed, to ensure the quality of shaft gear products and provide support for the further promotion and application of gearbox shaft gear vacuum heat treatment technology.

Key words: Vacuum furnace, Carburizing and quenching, Deformation control, Influencing factors

1 前言相对于传统的可控气氛渗碳热处理，真空热处理技术更具备“绿色、环保、节能、高效”的技术特点。在当前欧州、美国、日本等发达国家的汽车工业中，低压真空热处理技术已经得到广泛应用，

作者简介：王达鹏（1988—），男，工程师，学士学位，研究方向为汽车用金属材料成形技术、金属材料与热处理技术。参考文献引用格式：

王达鹏，郭成龙，董笑飞，等. 低压真空渗碳技术在轴齿热处理中的应用与变形控制[J].汽车工艺与材料，2021（3）：25-33.

WANG D, GUO C, DONG X, et al. Application and Deformation Control of Low Pressure Vacuum Carburizing Technology in Shaft Tooth Heat Treat⁃ ment [J]. Automobile Technology & Material, 2021(3): 25-33.