含负刚度动力吸振的混合隔振系统振动冲击响应特性分析

1，黄修长1，2，吴静波3，华宏星1，2苏智伟1 200240上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院，上海2 200240高新船舶与深海开发装备协同创新中心，上海3 100161海军研究院，北京

……苏智伟，黄修长，吴静波，华宏星（59）

摘 要：［目的］针对舰船大型机械设备振动冲击隔离对高传递损失减振抗冲元器件的需求，［方法］基于负刚度动力吸振机理，构建一种含负刚度（NS）元件的动力吸振器（DVA）混合隔振系统。建立刚性基础上的无量纲动力学模型，在激励力作用下，运用不动点法获得隔振系统最优传递时的最优刚度比和阻尼比。基于龙格—库塔（Runge-Kutta）方法研究不同冲击脉宽下具有最优参数的隔振系统在基础激励下的冲击响应，并与传统动力吸振器的冲击响应进行比较分析。［结果］结果表明：在一定参数下，该混合隔振系统具有无谐振峰的传递特性；在不同脉宽下，其冲击加速度响应和相对位移均比传统动力吸振器的要小。［结论］所提含负刚度动力吸振的混合隔振系统可为大载荷、高传递损失的减振抗冲器设计提供一种新思路。关键词：混合隔振系统；振动冲击响应；传递损失；动力吸振器；负刚度；不动点法；龙格—库塔法

Analysis on vibration and shock response of a hybrid isolation system using dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness

Su Zhiwei1，Huang Xiuchang1，2，Wu Jingbo3，Hua Hongxing1，2 1 School of Mechanical Engineering，Shanghai Jiao Tong University，Shanghai 200240，China 2 Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration，Shanghai 200240，China 3 Naval Research Academy，Beijing 100161，China Abstract：［Objectives］ To meet the demand of on-board machinery for components with high transmission loss and vibration and shock isolation，［Methods］a hybrid vibration isolation system using Dynamic Vibration Absorber（DVA）with Negative Stiffness（NS）is proposed. Then the non-dimensional dynamic model of the proposed isolation system with rigid base is established，and the fixed-point method is employed to obtain the optimal parameters of stiffness ratio and damping ratio under the influence of exciting force. Runge-Kutta method is adopted to study the shock response of the proposed isolation system with optimal parameters by using different shock pulse widths under base excitation，and then this shock response is compared with that of the traditional DVA. ［Results］ It shows that the proposed isolation system has a transmission characteristic without a resonance peak by using certain parameters. The shock acceleration response and the relative displacement of the proposed isolation system are smaller than those of the traditional DVA by using different pulse widths. ［Conclusions］The proposed isolation system provides a new approach for the design of the vibration absorber with high load carrying capacity and high transmission loss. Key words：hybrid isolation system；vibration and shock response；transmission loss；Dynamic Vibration Absorber（DVA）；Negative Stiffness（NS）；fixed-point method；Runge-Kutta method