改进自适应遗传算法优化的船用增压锅炉上锅筒水位滑模控制方法

本文网址：http://www.ship-research.com/cn/article/doi/10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.03228 期刊网址：www.ship-research.com

引用格式：丁志龙, 王鹏, 王永刚, 等.改进自适应遗传算法优化的船用增压锅炉上锅筒水位滑模控制方法[J]. 中国舰船研究, 2024, 19(2): 181–186.

DING Z L, WANG P, WANG Y G, et al. Sliding mode controller with improved AGA for supercharged boiler drum water level control[J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, 2024, 19(2): 181–186 (in both Chinese and English).丁志龙1，王鹏*2，王永刚2，苏博群2

1中国人民解放军海军士官学校机电系，安徽蚌埠 233000 2哈尔滨船舶锅炉涡轮机研究所，黑龙江哈尔滨 150078

摘 要:［目的］船用增压锅炉的上锅筒水位由于航行中负荷的频繁变化，难以获得理想的控制效果。为了保证上锅筒水位的稳定，对大负荷扰动下的上锅筒水位控制方法进行研究。提出一种基于改进自适应遗传算法优化的增压锅炉上锅筒水位滑模控制方法。［方法］将上锅筒水位偏差的速度和速度变化率引入S函数来设计滑模控制器，采用李雅普诺夫稳定性原理证明其稳定性。在此基础上，利用改进的自适应遗传算法优化滑模控制器。［结果］将改进的自适应遗传算法优化的增压锅炉上锅筒水位滑模控制方法与传统的PID控制方法进行了对比分析。在响应斜坡扰动信号和阶跃扰动信号时，改进自适应遗传算法优化的滑模控制器均能够无差跟踪输入信号，其稳定时间比PID 缩短5 s，超调量也小于PID。［结论］仿真结果表明，改进自适应遗传算法优化的滑模控制方法具有更优的控制效果。

关键词：增压锅炉；水位控制；滑模控制；自适应遗传算法

中图分类号: U664.11文献标志码:A DOI：10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.03228

Sliding mode controller with improved AGA for supercharged boiler drum water level control

DING Zhilong1, WANG Peng*2, WANG Yonggang2, SU Boqun2

1 Mechanical and Electrical Department, Naval Petty Officer Academy of PLA, Bengbu 233000, China 2 Harbin Ship Boiler and Turbine Institute, Harbin 150078, China

Abstract: ［ Objectives］ It is difficult to control the drum water level of a supercharged boiler due to the strong load disturbance in the sailing process. In order to ensure the stability of the drum water level, it is necessary to study drum water level control methods under strong load disturbance. To this end, this paper proposes a sliding mode controller with an improved adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA). ［Methods］The velocity and accelerated speed of the drum water level error is combined with an S-function to design a sliding mode controller. Its stability is then proven using the Lyapunov stability theorem. On this basis, the sliding mode controller parameters are optimized with the improved AGA. ［ Results］ The control performance of the sliding mode controller with improved AGA is compared with that of a PID controller. In response to ramp disturbance signals and step disturbance signals, the sliding mode controller with improved AGA can track the input signal without error. Its stability time is 5 s shorter than that of the PID and its overshoot is lower than that of the PID. ［Conclusions］The simulation results show that the sliding mode controller with improved AGA is superior to the PID controller.

Key words: supercharged boiler；water level control；sliding mode controller；adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA)

0 引 言

在船舶蒸汽动力系统中，船用增压锅炉上锅筒水位对系统的安全性和稳定性具有决定性作用。上锅筒水位过高或过低都可能导致增压锅炉损坏[1]。由于上锅筒水位系统参数的时变性、模收稿日期: 2022–12–26 修回日期: 2023–03–08 网络首发时间: 2023–04–10 16:24基金项目:国家社会科学基金资助项目 (20CGL066)作者简介: 丁志龙，男，1983 年生，讲师王鹏，男，1979 年生，博士，研究员*通信作者:王鹏