Tibetan epic lives on
The story of King Gesar, an 11thcentury Tibetan warrior with boundless supernatural powers, has for centuries been preserved by the singers and storytellers living on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
Now herders from a plateau village in Qinghai Province are still passing on the oral tradition of the millennium old heroic epic, which is inscribed on the UNESCO list of world intangible cultural heritage and believed to be the world’s longest epic.
Every night,
Palmo, a
25-year-old herdswoman from Durbud village in the Golog
Tibetan
Autonomous
Prefecture, sings episodes from the epic of King Gesar to put her 8-month-old daughter to sleep.
“Sometimes my baby daughter makes funny noises when I sing, as if she understands what I am singing,” Palmo said, adding that many children in her village learned the epic as bedtime stories.
The village, at an average altitude of over 4,000 meters, is home to some 860 herders, most of whom can sing at least a few lines from the epic.
According to local legends, the village was the battlefield where King Gesar and his invincible army vanquished the enemies and brought help to local people.
“Every family in the village would sing the epic to commemorate King Gesar’s birthday each year, which falls on the 15th day of the 12th month of the Tibetan calendar,” Palmo said.
She added that a wide variety of festive activities and religious rituals related to King Gesar are held in the village throughout the year, such as epic
singing contests and horse racing.
“During every winter vacation, some 30 children in the village gather together to learn how to sing the epic,” said 55-year-old Druju, Palmo’s father and a veteran epic singer.
In 2014, Durbud village was recognized as a national-level King Gesar cultural protection zone, thanks to its well-preserved oral tradition of the epic.
A large King Gesar museum, which displays the epic’s history and introduces the epic singers, was also set up in the village. The first floor of the museum has become the place where villagers gather to chant the fascinating stories of the mythical demigod king.
“Our village has built a King Gesar theme park, which attracted some 20,000 visitors last summer,” said Tselob, a local official.
“Visitors can watch the villagers sing the epic while appreciating the natural sceneries on the plateau.”
“The epic of
King Gesar is a collective memory and unique culture created by Tibetan people,” said Jampel
Gyatso, a researcher with the Institute of Ethnic Literature, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
“The preservation of its oral tradition in Durbud village is the living embodiment of Tibetan people’s wisdom,” he added.