China welcomes US back to multilateral process: Xi
▶ President calls for ‘ building a community for man, nature’
During a US- led global climate summit in which Washington seeks to shore up global leadership on the issue, Chinese President Xi Jinping reiterated China’s goal of reaching carbon neutrality in 2060, a goal that is hailed by analysts as most ambitious in terms of time duration compared with developed countries; and the president’s proposal of “jointly building a community for man and nature” was praised by observers as “putting up a new rule for human being’s new civilization.”
Addressing the summit, Xi said from Beijing via video link that in the face of unprecedented difficulties in global environmental governance, the international community must take unprecedented ambitions and actions, bravely shoulder responsibilities, and work together to build a community for man and nature.
US President Joe Biden pledged in his opening remarks at the summit to cut US greenhouse gas emissions in half by 2030 compared to 2005 levels, a target that would nearly double America’s previous commitment when signing the Paris Agreement, which was to reduce its emissions about 28 percent below 2005 levels by 2025.
China’s ambition, devotion
Xi said at the summit that China welcomes the US coming back to the multilateral governing process on climate issues, and China and the US just issued a joint statement on responding to the climate crisis. He also urged countries to stick to their promises, instead of walking back against their commitment.
Xie Zhenhua,
China’s special envoy on climate change, said at a press conference held after Xi’s speech that although China did not put forward a specific plan for 2030, China’s current goal is very ambitious.
The EU’s per capita carbon dioxide emissions reached 7.9 tons from 1990 to 1992 when the bloc realized carbon peaking, and the figure was 19.9 tons for the US when its carbon emissions peaked in 2007, said Xie, noting China’s carbon dioxide emissions per capita will be 7.2 to 7.5 tons when its emission peaks in 2030, far below that of the US.
He said that China will realize its goals set previously, and is making plans and investments. “China made an ambitious plan and will stick to its word… Its ambition needs not be questioned,” said the envoy.
During the summit, Xi also put forward a six- point proposal on building a community of life for man and nature.
To build such a community, we must be committed to harmony between man and nature, green development, systemic governance, a people- centered approach, multilateralism, and the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, Xi said.
Xi’s proposal of the term sets a new rule for human civilization, and if the biggest developing country can realize such goal, China will galvanize other developing countries to follow suit.
By doing this, China is also meant to serve as a bridge between developed and developing countries, which is to infuse the green notion and technology used in developed countries to third world countries. Cooperation or contest?
By enticing leaders to participate in the summit, the US, which had hindered global climate efforts, aims to shore up leadership in the field and demonstrate its determination by upping the ante of its emissions goal, Yang Fuqiang, a research fellow at Peking University’s Research Institute for Energy, told the Global Times on Thursday.
Yet the expert said the US’ seemingly ambitious yet unbinding promise is “symbolic.” “The US has let its emissions rise unrestrained after its withdrawal from the Paris Agreement. Now, it is setting a target compared with the start point, but who is going to fix the few year’s gap left by the US, and why does Washington still believe it has the legitimacy to prod other countries to set an ambitious goal after its flip- flop has diminished global efforts in fighting climate change?”
The US Environmental Protection Agency’s February data shows the country’s carbon emissions rose during the first three years after former US president Donald Trump decided to pull the US out of the Paris Agreement. The country’s total emissions in 2019 were still 121 MMt above where they were in 2017 when Trump took office, marking the highest level of carbon pollution the US generated in five years.
Unlike China, which has a smooth and efficient system of implementing orders from above, Biden’s climate plan is facing a filibuster dilemma, mostly from Republicans who oppose his plan, and will eventually cripple the US president’s plan of pushing forward his clean energy project, experts said. The US has emitted more carbon dioxide than any other country to date: at around 400 billion tons since 1751, it is responsible for 25 percent of the historical emissions; that is twice more than China, according to data portal Our World in Data.
From realizing peak carbon emissions to carbon neutrality, it will take China 30 years, but the US would take 43 years for the same goal. Developed countries had caused the bulk of the historical accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Climate change has been the hot spot for countries to underscore global governance, as well as to showcase national image. It’s not a bad thing that the US seeks to undertake leadership, yet its about- faces have left severe consequences, said Yuan Zheng, deputy director of the Institute of American Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
He noted that the US government hopes to use the climate issue to serve its own strategic goals, but it would be very hard for it to completely lead other countries of great influence, including China, France and Germany.
The US is “walking against the deal at will, and wants to lead others when it’s back.” This has deeply hurt other countries. A mere summit is impossible to fix its image, according to Yuan.
Li Haidong, from the China Foreign Affairs University, pointed out that US climate policy lacks continuity. Biden’s policy is likely to be thwarted by Republicans when the latter takes office. “It is difficult for the climate issue to be the long- term glue of China- US cooperation.”
He said that as the US eyes climate issues to shoulder global leadership, the topic may become a target of strategic competition between the US with China and Russia. “So in the long run, the climate issue may be the hot spot for China- US competition.”