Challenges and solutions

Striking a balance between economic development and conserving the natural environment is a particularly challenge. The habitat for the Asian elephant has been reduced by 40 percent due to the expansion of tea plantations and rubber groves to develop the local economy. Conversely, the local elephant population has been growing over the past two decades. As such, conflict between the agricultural economy and the survival of elephants inevitably occurs.

According to Zhang Li, a field wildlife biologist and professor in mammal conservation at Beijing Normal University, over the past three years Asian elephants in the prefecture have caused more than 35 million yuan ($ 5.4 million) in damages.

“It is difficult to completely eliminate the conflict between humans and elephants, but as long as humans can take into account the survival needs of elephants while pursuing their own development, it is possible to achieve harmonious coexistence with elephants. Habitats are fundamental to the survival of wild animals. We must start with strengthening the protection of elephant habitats,” Sun Quanhui, a scientist from the World Animal Protection organization, told the Global Times.

Zhang pointed out that some experts have recommended that Yunnan capitalize on its unique natural ecosystems by shifting toward a “green GDP goal” when it comes to economic development.

“Adjusting the local economic system and finding alternative agricultural livelihoods for tea and rubber farmers can be a means of sustainable development that protects the tropical rainforest ecosystem and the Asian elephant. Although rubber and tea can provide economic returns in the short term, in the long run, if the ecosystem is lost, the economic losses stemming from that is also obvious.”