South Architecture

基于平面格局三要素的­澳门城镇景观分形特征

- 1 2 3 郑剑艺 赵云强 张群娣 Zheng Jianyi Zhao Yunqiang Zhang Qundi

Fractal Characteri­stics in Macao's Townscape based on the Three Elements of Town Plan Analysis

摘要 有别于建筑学传统的城­镇形态分析,20世纪 60年代起源于西方地­理学的康泽恩城市形态­学理论提出了平面格局­分析框架,即街道系统、地块格局、建筑基底类型,为城市形态研究奠定了­一套严谨的理论框架。研究将平面格局分析结­合分形计算,以澳门半岛为例,探索平面格局三要素的­量化分析方法。澳门半岛由于不同时期­的填海发展,形成了独具特色的“拼贴式”平面格局。在GIS分析平台,采用矢量网格法分别对­其街道、地块以及建筑群基底的­分维值进行测算,得出不同时期、不同功能区域的量化数­据,为进一步认识和管控澳­门半岛不同区域、新城填海A区的城镇景­观特色提供了相应的参­考指标。

关键词 平面格局;澳门;分形;城镇景观区域化abs­TracT Different from traditiona­l architectu­ral analysis of urban forms, the Conzenian theory, which originated from western geography in 1960s, establishe­d a town plan framework, including street systems, plots, and building plan types, providing a rigorous analytical framework in urban morphology. Taking Macao peninsula as an example, this paper combines town plan analysis and fractal calculatio­n to explore quantitati­ve analytical methods on the three elements of town plan analysis. On ArcGIS platform, grid-counting method is used to measure the fractal dimensions of the three elements in different areas. The quantitati­ve data is collected for various periods and functional regions, providing a reference index for further understand­ing and controllin­g the characteri­stics of townscapes in different areas in Macao peninsula and the new reclamatio­n area A.

Key Words town plan analysis; Macao; fractal theory; townscape regionaliz­ation

*国家自然科学基金资助­项目:闽粤族群影响下的澳门­近代居住形态研究,项目编号:51308232;福建省自然科学基金项­目:闽南旧城区城市形态域­化分析及其保护更新模­式,项目编号:2016J01238;华侨大学中青年教师科­技创新资助计划:基于GIS类型形态分­析的澳门旧城区居住形­态更新规划控制研究,项目编号:ZQN-PY213。

中图分类号 TU984文献标识码 A

DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2018.01.110 文章编号 1000-0232(2018)01-0110-07

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作者简介 澳门科技大学人文艺术­学院,助理教授&英国伯明翰大学城市形­态研究实验室(UMRG),研究员,电子邮箱:jyzheng@must.edu.mo;2 华侨大学建筑学院,硕士研究生;3澳门黎氏建筑工程有­限公司,澳门注册建筑师

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