Road signs and its meaning
TRAFFIC signs warn you of possible dangers and provide information. They tell you what the rules are and what the road conditions are like.
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Stop — this sign, as you might have guessed, means you need to stop wherever you see one. They are almost always accompanied by a line across the road at which you should stop, and most areas require you come to a full and complete stop before proceeding.
Yield — this sign is meant to alert you to any upcoming hazards, road conditions, or oncoming traffic (there are signs which signal for you to yield prior to merging to avoid accidents). It means slow down to oncoming traffic, stop if necessary, and proceed when it's safe to do so. A flashing yellow light at an intersection serves for this purpose as well.
Speed regulation signs
These signs are designed to indicate the speed at which it is appropriate to go on a certain road. There are some that indicate a single speed, and some that indicate two speeds: the maximum allowed on a road, and the minimum allowed on a road. These may be changed under certain circumstances, such as roadwork or similar, and should be followed to maintain safety for all using the road
Single speed — indicates the maximum speed on a road for standard vehicles.
Truck speed — indicates the maximum speed for larger trucks and vehicles.
Combination speed — indicates both the maximum and minimum speed for all vehicles on the road; most often used on highways and interstates to avoid collisions.
Turns and lane usage — just as the road itself is painted to indicate turning lanes and the like, there are signs to indicate where you can and can't turn, U-turn, take a left turn into oncoming traffic to name a few. These come in the form of:
No right turn — this sign is used to indicate a oneway street that you cannot turn right on to. Most often, you will see these in downtown areas.
No left turn — sign is used to indicate a one-way street that you can't turn left on to, most often seen in downtown areas.
No U-turn — this indicates that a U-turn is not legal in an area where this sign is posted. Typically, it is because the area has too much traffic (for instance, oncoming traffic as well as traffic coming out of road-side shopping centers to name a few to safely allow a U-turn.
Left turn only and right turn only — these will usually be paired with the no-turn equivalent of its opposite sign, and indicates one-way roads on to which traffic only goes left or right.
Left/straight optional and right/straight optional — these are used to indicate lanes which allow a driver to go either straight across traffic, or turn left or right on to an adjacent road.
More often than not, the road will be painted to indicate this as well.