Fears of a new hotter normal in US

PHOENIX — An unusually early and long-lasting heat wave brought hotter temperatures on Wednesday to a large swath of the US West, raising concerns that such extreme weather could become the new normal amid a decades-long drought.

Phoenix, which is seeing some of the highest temperatures this week, tied a record for the second day in a row when it reached 46 degrees Celsius on Wednesday and was expected to hit 47 degrees Celsius each of the next two days, the National Weather Service said.

Scientists who study drought and climate change say that people living in the American West can expect to see more of the same in the coming years.

“Heat waves are getting worse in the West because the soil is so dry” from the region’s megadrought, said Park Williams, a University of California, Los Angeles, climate and fire scientist who has calculated that soil in the western half of the nation is the driest it has been since 1895.

“We could have two, three, four, five of these heat waves before the end of the summer.”

A few clouds were holding the temperatures down slightly in the desert region of southwest Arizona and southeast California. But there was no real relief expected from the excessive heat warning in effect until at least on Sunday.

The dome of high pressure spread over the West the week before the official start of summer, causing unusually hot days and warm evenings. Expecting crowds trying to

cool off, a half dozen lifeguards in wide-brimmed straw hats and red T-shirts over swimsuits waited for people to arrive at a city pool in downtown Phoenix that features a water slide and several fountains.

Several blocks away, outdoor misters spritzed diners on restaurant patios.

In California, the operator of the state’s power grid is asking residents to voluntarily conserve power for a few hours on Thursday evening as record-breaking heat blankets the West this week.

The California Independent System Operator issued the alert to help relieve stress on the grid. It asks people to set thermostats to 78 degrees or higher, turn off unnecessary lights and avoid using major appliances.

CEO Elliot Mainzer said the grid was stable and there was no expectation of rotating power outages, but that could change as temperatures spike in the coming days.

Higher temperatures also were felt in the normally temperate San Francisco Bay Area. A few cooling centers were open but mostly empty by the afternoon.

Kathleen Craft, shelter coordinator for the city of Livermore, California, said temperatures had reached 37 degrees Celsius shortly after midday but only one woman had shown up at the city’s cooling center.

Elsewhere in the West, double digits heat was forecast in Denver, which saw a record high of 38 degrees Celsius. The weather service issued an excessive heat warning for parts of western Colorado, most of which is experiencing extreme drought conditions.

In Nevada, Las Vegas hit 46.6 degrees Celsius, breaking the record of 45.5 degrees for the date set during a record hot spell on June 16, 1940.