Budget should reduce corporate tax rate
The Union budget for 2017-18 is very likely to lower the corporate tax rate. That is not only because of the faltering economy, but also because the finance minister had promised in his 2015 budget speech that the corporate tax rate will be reduced from 30% to 25% over the next four years, together with the phasing out of exemptions and deductions. The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) has urged a reduction in the corporate tax rate to 18%. Is the industry lobby pushing its luck too far?
Not really. The current headline corporate tax rate in India is 30% plus cess and surcharge. As the chart shows, that works out to a rate of 34.6%.
What the chart also shows is that we have one of the highest rates of corporate tax in the world. China and Indonesia have corporate tax rates of 25%, and rates for Thailand, Singapore, Korea, Malaysia and Hong Kong are even lower. So there’s a clear case to fast forward the promise to bring down the corporate tax rate to 25%.
There is, however, a catch. The effective tax rate or the rate of tax actually shelled out by many companies is lower due to a slew of exemptions and tax holidays that they have been enjoying. Finance minister Arun Jaitley said in his last budget speech: “The effective collection of corporate tax is about 23%. We lose out on both counts, i.e. we are considered as having a high corporate tax regime but we do not get that tax due to excessive exemptions.”
So if the average corporate tax rate comes down to 23% or so, after exemptions are taken away, it won’t be much of an improvement in the tax rate for a large chunk of the corporate sector. That is why CII’s proposal to get the corporate tax rate down to 18% makes sense.
If the Prime Minister is serious about a paradigm shift in the Indian economy and improving the ease of doing business, as he said at the Vibrant Gujarat summit, he should tell his finance minister to dramatically reduce the corporate tax rate. Such a move will also enable the formal sector to expand, which the government has been saying is one of its prime objectives in its effort to get rid of the black economy. It will reduce the incentive to hide income and increase the number of decent jobs. Any revenues lost to the government should be more than made up in the long term, by the benefits it brings to the economy.