India may walk out of Indus water talks with Pakistan

SHOWDOWN New Delhi finds the US meet against ‘spirt of the pact’ and believes World Bank has been ‘biased’ in following provisions

India and Pakistan are set for another showdown over the Indus waters treaty with New Delhi finding the World Bank’s proposal of a secretary level meeting in Washington next month against the ‘spirit of the pact’.

Earlier this week, Pakistan water and power minister Khwaja Asif announced that the two countries would hold a “three-day ‘way forward’” meeting on the Ratle and Kishenganga projects in April in Washington. Sources say India believes that there is no need to look for another mechanism to break the deadlock since the treaty already had a dispute resolution system built in it.

India also believes the World Bank which brokered the pact in 1960 has lately been “biased” in following the treaty provisions. Sources indicated that India cannot be party to any meeting “which is against the provisions of the Indus waters treaty”, putting the US meet under a cloud.

These sources maintain that World Bank is playing the role of a ‘mediator’ whereas it should be a ‘facilitator’ between India and Pakistan to resolve the issues “in accordance with the provisions of the Indus waters treaty”. The World Bank had suggested the meeting of water resources secretaries for three days in April.

Sources familiar with the developments told Hindustan Times that the World Bank proposal for the water resources secretaries meeting in Washington goes against the ‘spirit of the treaty’. New Delhi feels the World Bank continues to work against the spirit of the pact by initiating two separate dispute resolution mechanisms.

In the dispute of Kishenganga project, India wanted the neutral experts mechanism to solve the issue but Pakistan favoured arbitration. The World Bank had kicked in the two mechanisms at the same time, much to the anger of India last year.

Indian and Pakistani officials of the Indus water commission who met in Islamabad on March 21 and 22 could not make much progress on the issues. Indus water commissioner P.K. Saxena led the Indian delegation while the Pakistani side which was headed by Mirza Asif Saeed.

For the Indian side, the main issue now is resolving differences the over Kishenganga and Ratle hydro power projects.

The two projects are being constructed on the Jhelum and Chenab rivers respectively. Pakistan while objecting to the design of the 330 MW Kishenganga project maintains it would result in a 40% reduction of water flowing into the country, which it says is against the provisions of IWT. India refutes India, Pakistan have argued over share of Indus water.

On September 19, 1960, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and Pakistan president Ayub Khan signed an agreement to share water of Beas, Ravi, Sutlej, Indus, Chenab and Jhelum. Since Indus was the biggest of them, the treaty was named as the ‘Indus water treaty’. After Partition, Pak and India locked horns over the share of water in the Indus Basin. An Inter-Dominion Accord of 1948 apportioned the share of water. But Pak was keen on a permanent solution.Finally the World Bank stepped in to negotiate a deal between

The waters of the eastern rivers have been allocated to India and New Delhi obligated to let the waters of the western rivers flow except for certain consumptive use. The treaty gives the lower riparian Pak more “than four times” of the water available to India.

that charge.

For the 850 MW Ratle power plant, Pakistan wants the planned storage capacity of the project reduced from 24 million cubic metres to eight million . Pakistan also wants the height of the dams to be reduced.

But India continues to maintain it never reduced the water The World Bank, in 1954, offered a proposal under which India retained control over the 3 eastern tributaries while Pak controls the 3 rivers in west. While India was eager to seal this deal, Pak turned hostile. After much deliberations, talks gained momentum in 1954.

flow to Pakistan.

Pakistan is set to raise issues related to three dams — 1000 MW Pakuldul on Chenab, 120 MW Miyar across Miyar Nalla which is a major tributary of the Chenab and the 43 MW Lower Kalnai hydro project — on Lower Kalnai Nalla, a tributary of the Chenab.