Catastrophic flooding, hottest summer: Climate crisis threatens Europe

Bloomberg

BERLIN: Climate crisis produced another record-breaking year of extreme weather in Europe in 2021, triggering catastrophic flooding and the hottest summer on record, according to scientists at the Copernicus Climate Change Service.

Summer temperatures in Europe last year were 1°C above the average of the previous 20 years, and the rainfall that battered Germany and Belgium broke records, the scientists said in their annual European State of the Climate report.

Globally, the last seven years have been the warmest since records began in 1850, with 2021 ranking sixth.

There were worrying findings in terms of greenhouse emissions, too: concentrations of carbon dioxide and particularly methane continued to rise in the atmosphere.

“The continued increase in greenhouse gases is the main driver behind the global increase in temperatures,” said Freja Vamborg, senior scientist at Copernicus and the lead author of the report.

“The key messages are forever repeated and will not change in the near future unless something changes radically.”

It also painted a stark picture of crisis in the Arctic, with wildfires mostly from eastern Siberia contributing to the fourth highest amount of carbon emissions from such events in the region.

Also, sea ice retreated to its 12th lowest since 1979, while the Greenland Sea saw its lowest coverage ever.

Still, Arctic temperatures were less extreme than 2020 and were even colder than usual in some areas at certain times of the year.

Methane - which has 84 times the warming potential of

CO2 over a short timeframe jumped by 16.5 parts per billion, marking a second consecutive year of sharp increases.

The cause of the rise was unclear, the scientists said, though a large portion was likely attributable to rice and cattle farming, as well as the gas escaping from natural sinks.

“It’s certainly a big concern to see the rate of growth of methane almost double from what it was before 2020,” said VincentHenri Peuch, who heads the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service.

He added that it was “very worrying” there was no sign of a reduction of CO2 concentrations either.

The Copernicus findings based on measurements from satellites, ships, aircraft and weather stations around the world - come less than a month after Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) warned that the world may be on track to warm by more than 3°C - twice the Paris Agreement target.

Such a rise in temperatures would painfully remake societies and life on the planet and flies in the face of years of netzero commitments by countries in Europe and around the globe.

“2021 was a year of extremes including the hottest summer in Europe, heat waves in the Mediterranean, flooding and wind droughts in western Europe,” said Carlo Buontempo, director of the Copernicus Climate Change Service.

“Scientific experts like the IPCC have warned that we are running out of time to limit global warming to 1.5°C,” said Mauro Facchini, an official at the European Commission, referring to the stretch goal of the Paris Agreement.

“This report stresses the urgent necessity to act as climate related extreme events are already occurring in Europe.”

AP/FILE A car is surrounded by flood water in Hamburg, Germany, after a powerful winter storm swept through northern Europe in January.