UNDERSTANDING COVID VARIANTS

What is a mutation?

A mutation is a change in the genetic sequence of a virus when it replicates. It is common for viruses to undergo several mutations over time.

How fast does the Covid virus mutate?

A typical SARS-CoV-2 virus accumulates only two single-letter mutations per month in its genome—a rate of change about half that of influenza viruses.

What is a variant?

Viruses with new mutations from the original genetic sequence are known as variants. The only way to reduce mutations and minimise opportunities for new variants to emerge is to cut the chain of viral transmission. Even if Covid is mutating at a slow pace, some of its mutations have been significant—allowing it to spread faster as well as cause re-infections.