INDIA’S SUBMARINE FLEET

➘ The first submarine, INS Kalvari, Soviet Foxtrot-class was commissioned in Dec. 1967

➘ The Indian Navy had 21 such conventional submarines in the early 1980s

➘ Seven Russian Kilo Class or Sindhughosh Class, bought from Russia between 1984 and 2000

➘ Four HDW (German) subs, known as Shishumar Class, bought and then built in India in collaboration with the Germans (1986-1994)

➘ Four Kalvari Class Scorpene submarines (under Project-75) built at Mazagon Dock in partnership with France’s Naval Group commissioned. Two more to be delivered soon

➘ An Arihant SSBN, a slowmoving ‘bomber’ and a stealth launch platform for N-weapons commissioned. Three more SSBNs under construction, part of the Strategic Forces Command