WAYS TO KEEP THE HEART HEALTHY
INTRODUCTION Diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol levels increase the risk of cardiac disease. Patients with diabetes and hypertension are at increased risk of developing coronary artery disease, blood vessel damage, and heart attack. Further, high LDL also increases the risk of atherosclerosis and heart attack. These diseases, if not controlled, results in cardiac dysfunction. It is, thus, necessary to take care of the heart while managing these diseases.
MAINTAINING A HEALTHY HEART IN HYPERTENSION
Uncontrolled hypertension causes lifethreatening complications. It may affect the heart and several other vital organs, including the brain and kidney. High blood pressure may result in heart attack, heart failure, sexual dysfunction, vision loss, kidney failure, stroke, and peripheral artery disease.
The patient must be aware of the blood pressure target and follow all the instructions of the doctor. European Cardiology Society has altered the baseline for measuring hypertension to 140/90 mm Hg. Previously it was 130/80 mm Hg. However, the Cardiology Society of India had stated that for people below the age of 60 years, the baseline to measure the blood pressure would be 130/80 mm Hg, while those above this age would have the baseline at 140/90 mm Hg. In the United States, the baseline for measuring blood pressure remains at 130/80 mm Hg. Some of the tips that may help in keeping the heart healthy in hypertensive patients are:
● Increase physical activity: Physical activity helps you maintain a healthy heart in several ways. It improves the circulation of blood, manages stress, and helps in managing your weight. However, you should consult with a doctor about the best exercise regimen.
● Manage weight: Weight and blood pressure are directly proportional. Reducing weight may result in lowering blood pressure. Further, people who are obese or are overweight are at high risk of developing heart disease.
● Eat healthily: Eating a healthy diet helps to maintain blood pressure. It reduces the stress on the heart. The diet should be rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and fatty acids. Limit the amount of sugar, salt, and trans fats in the diet.
● Stop smoking: Nicotine in cigarettes narrows the arteries and causes high blood pressure. It also hardens the arterial walls and increases the risk of clotting. Avoid both active and passive smoking.
● Alcohol intake within limits: Drinking alcohol raises blood pressure. It is critical to limit the intake of alcohol. Drinking excessive alcohol may also result in cardiomyopathy.
● Take medicines on time: The patient should take the medications strictly as prescribed by the doctor. Do not stop or start anti-hypertensives without consulting your doctor.
● Avoid taking medicines without a doctor's advice: Do not take over-thecounter drugs without consulting your doctor. Some of them, such as cold and inflammation drugs, may increase blood pressure.
● Learn to manage stress: Stress increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, including high blood pressure.