AI and the upcoming health revolution
Your next doctor could very well be a bot. And bots, or automated programmes, are likely to play a key role in finding cures for some of the most difficult-totreat diseases and conditions.
Artificial intelligence is rapidly moving into health care, led by some of the biggest technology companies and emerging startups using it to diagnose and respond to a raft of conditions.
California researchers detected cardiac arrhythmia with 97 per cent accuracy on wearers of an Apple Watch with the AIbased Cariogram application, opening up early treatment options to avert strokes.
Scientists from Harvard and the University of Vermont developed a machine learning tool — a type of AI that enables computers to learn without being explicitly programmed — to better identify depression by studying Instagram posts, suggesting “new avenues for early screening and detection of mental illness.”
Researchers from Britain’s University of Nottingham created an algorithm that predicted heart attacks better than doctors using conventional guidelines.
While technology has always played a role in medical care, a wave of investment from Silicon Valley and a flood of data from connected devices appear to be spurring innovation.
“I think a tipping point was when Apple released its Research Kit,” said Forrester Research analyst Kate McCarthy, referring to a programme letting Apple users enable data from their daily activities to be used in medical studies.
McCarthy said advances in artificial intelligence has opened up new possibilities for “personalized medicine” adapted to individual genetics.
“We now have an environment where people can weave through clinical research at a speed you could never do before,” she said.
AI is better known in the tech field for uses such as autonomous driving, or defeating experts in the board game Go.
But it can also be used to glean new insights from existing data such as electronic health records and lab tests, says Narges Razavian, a professor at New York University’s Langone School of Medicine who led a research project on predictive analytics for more than 100 medical conditions.
“Our work is looking at trends and trying to predict (disease) six months into the future, to be able to act before things get worse,” Razavian said.
NYU researchers analysed medical and lab records to accurately predict the onset of dozens of diseases and conditions including type 2 diabetes, heart or kidney failure and stroke. The project developed software now used at NYU which may be deployed at other medical facilities.