30 years on, gas attack still poisons Iraq’s Halabja

Halabja, Iraq: As a teenager Kamal Jalal saw two of his sisters killed when Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein’s forces launched a gas attack on the Kurdish town of Halabja.

Now three decades later at the age of 47 this Iraqi Kurd remains reliant on a machine to help him breathe — and is still waiting for compensation over a massacre that became a byword for brutality.

“The doctors told me that I lost 75 per cent of my lungs,” he told AFP.

The monument with a Kurdish flag on top commemorates some 5,000 Iraqi Kurds, mostly women and children, killed on March 16, 1988 when deadly gas was released on Halabja.

The attack from the skies came after ethnic Kurdish fighters who sided with Iran in the eight- year Iraq- Iran war withdrew from the rural farming town.

Like many of the thousands of people gassed in Halabja, Jalal was hopitalised in Iran, which lies just a dozen kilometres away.

For him — and others who got treatment in Europe paid for by Kurdish authorities — the recent fight against Islamic State jihadists that wracked the region meant they struggled to travel to get the care they need. The

attack on Halabja marked the culmination of a ruthless campaign of retribution by Saddam against those seen as siding with Tehran as the devastating conflict between the two neighbours drew to a close.

The gruesome aftermath of the slaughter was captured by international journalists — but it would take decades for there to be some sort of reckoning.

After his ouster in the wake of the 2003 US- led invasion of Iraq, Saddam eventually faced trial for the killings of an estimated 180,000 in the Anfal campaign against the Kurds.

But he was hanged in 2006 on another conviction before a court could officially find him guilty of carrying out a “genocide” against the Kurds.

Four years later Saddam’s cousin Gen. Ali Hassan al- Majid, known as “Chemical Ali”, was executed for ordering poisonous gas attacks, including against Halabja.

Back in Halabja Arass Abed is spearheading the fight by survivors for compensation.

The 48- year- old is the only member of his family to have survived the attack and founded an association representing victims and their loved ones.

“The Iraqi Supreme Court ruled that the chemical attack on Halabja was a war crime and genocide,” he told AFP.

“The government in Baghdad needs to compensate the victims and the town as a whole.”