Australia

grown quite dramatically in the last few years. In 2004, our bilateral trade relationship was only about 500-600 million dollars two-way. Now, we’re at 20 billion dollars. There’s great interest in India economically. Arun Jaitley visited in March with a business delegation. Next year, we hope to bring a very large Australian business delegation to India.

The defence relationship is one of our great success stories.

Wehavecommoninterests;webothshare the Indian Ocean space, we’re both maritime nations, we’re both democracies and we both wantstabilityandruleoflawinourregion.that has driven a much closer relationship — the numbers of defence exchanges in 2016 alone equals the numbers of defence exchanges we’ve had in the last three years combined.

In the last three months, we’ve seen our first bilateral naval exercise. We’ve had four Navy ships visit India this year. We’ve had reciprocal visits by chiefs of Army and Navy. We’ve had high-level strategic talks.

It’s a very good, trusting, solid relationship.

Will this become more solid with China becoming regionally dominant and the US, under Donald Trump, withdrawing?

India and Australia share common interests in stability. I don’t see that changing.

It’s too early to say what a presidency under Mr Trump will or won’t do. I wouldn’t speculate — we’d rather work with the Trump administration. We have a very old alliance; our Prime Minister has reached out to Mr Trump. We will engage with the Trump administration.

What would you say to Indians who fear racist attacks in Australia, the latest being the killing of bus driver Manmeet Alisher.

Indians shouldn’t fear. Australia is one of the safest countries in the world. It is also a very tolerant, multicultural society and Indians are the largest migrants to Australia — 20 per cent of migrants last year came from India. Indian-born Australians have tripled in thelast10years.it’saverywelcomingplacefor Indians.

Sometimes, random criminal acts are overread as racist attacks. The attacks on students in 2008 were not all racially motivated — but our government dealt with that squarely. We need to ensure people don’t put themselves in vulnerable situations, don’t walk late at night in certain parts of town — that applies as much in Delhi as in Australia.

I do want to express the deep sadness of the Australian people and government at the death of Manmeet Alisher. As far as we’ve been able to ascertain, there was no racial motivation. He just happened to be in the wrong situation.

Reports of migrants to Australia landing on Nauru Island indicate they’ve been incarcerated in inhuman conditions.

We bring in roughly one per cent of our new population in migrants each year — our established migration policy is extraordinarily generous by international standards. India is now the largest source of migrants for Australia. I am a migrant myself. I came to Australia as a child. I’ve seen aspirations realised both ways.

We also have a strong refugee programme. We bring in about 17,000 refugees each year. Last year, we announced we’d bring in another 12,000 Syrian refugees. There’s enormous support — but for that to continue, we have to be very clear what paths we will and won’t accept people on.

The government has made a tough, but necessary, decision not to allow people arriving illegally on shore. So, we’ve built centres in Nauru.

Amnesty is concerned about these.

I’m not going to comment on some people’s perceptions of conditions there. The Australian government understands it has an obligation to these people’s welfare. We discharge that as best as we can.

But we are concerned about people stayinginnauruforextendedperiods.thisiswhy our government has just reached an agreement with the US, to resettle those people in the US. We have a very clear policy that says you will not be allowed into Australia if you arrive by boat. That’s aimed against peoplesmuggling outfits. Until we put these very strong policies in place, people were losing lives, drowning at sea. There is a humanitarian element.

Is there humanitarian concern for Australia’s aboriginal community?

That problem isn’t unique to us, it’s what indigenous communities face around the world. Entrenched disadvantage goes from one generation to another. It’s not easy to fix. And many aboriginal communities live thousands of miles from cities. Reaching them, delivering services, is very difficult. We’re working on this but there’s no silver bullet.