THE 5G ALLIANCE FOR CONNECTED INDUSTRIES AND AUTOMATION (5G ACAIA)3 LISTS THE FOLLOWING BENEFITS OF USING 5G IN INDUSTRY

1. Industry-grade Quality of Service (QoS) even under challenging industrial propagation conditions, with very rich multipath propagation and potentially significant interference.

2. The ability to deploy and operate industrial 5G networks in well-defined areas.

3. Standardized, open and flexible interfaces for seamless interoperability and handovers between public and industrial 5G networks.

4. End-to-end network slicing across heterogeneous technologies, countries and network operators, allowing dynamic and user-friendly establishment and release of application-specific network slices characterized by well-defined QoS and security properties.

5. Seamless integration into the existing connectivity infrastructure, taking the special characteristics and requirements of industrial applications into consideration.

6. Globally or regionally harmonized spectrum, for both licensed and license-exempt allocations.

7. Appropriate security concepts that consider both remote and local attacks and include device authentication and assurance of confidentiality, authentication and integrity for end-to-end messages.

8. A highly flexible and versatile air interface capable of satisfying the diverse requirements of the different use cases and applications, ranging from URLLC, through massive machine-type communication, to enhanced mobile broadband.

9. Support of multiple (well-separated) tenants using the same physical connectivity infrastructure in a factory.

10. The ability to monitor the current network state continuously in real time, even as a user, to take quick and automated action in the event of problems and to perform efficient root-cause analyses.

11. In-built indoor and outdoor user equipment localisation with accuracy of at least 10 cm. ML is a means of cost-effectively addressing the above issues.;