Canada drafts legislation to allow assisted suicide
Bill covers only citizens and residents, excluding ‘suicide tourists’
OTTAWA (Reuters) – Canada’s Liberal government on Thursday unveiled draft legislation on doctor-assisted suicide that would apply to adults suffering incurable illness or disability but stopped short of allowing euthanasia for minors or the mentally ill.
Legislators will vote on the draft law, which applies only to Canadians and residents in the country, in the next few weeks. The law is expected to pass because Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s Liberals have a majority in Parliament.
The Supreme Court of Canada overturned a ban on physician-assisted suicide last year but gave the new government time to pass legislation, adding Canada to the handful of Western countries that allow the practice.
Trudeau, whose father Pierre declined treatment for cancer before his 2000 death, said Canadians were “extremely seized with this issue.”
“It’s a deeply personal issue that affects all of us and our families and all of us individually as we approach the end of our lives,” he told reporters. “The plan we have put forward is one that respects Canadians’ choices while putting in place the kinds of safeguards needed.”
Polls show physician-assisted suicide has broad support in Canada but the issue has divided politicians in Parliament as they grapple with how to protect vulnerable Canadians while respecting their rights and choices at the end of life.
Under the law, patients would have to make a written request for medical assistance in dying or have a designated person do so if they are unable.
There would be a mandatory waiting period of at least 15 days in many cases, and patients would be able to withdraw their request at any time.
Patients would also have to be experiencing “enduring and intolerable suffering” and death would have to be “reasonably foreseeable.” Only those covered by Canadian health services are eligible, eliminating the prospect of “suicide tourism.”
The government did not adopt suggestions from a parliamentary committee which had suggested the law should also apply to those who suffer only from mental illness, allow for advance requests and eventually be extended to minors who are able to make their medical decisions. The government said those issues needed more study.
Advocacy group Dying With Dignity Canada criticized the law for excluding people with debilitating diseases such as dementia, saying it was not in compliance with the Supreme Court’s 2015 decision.
The government said it would not requires its legislators to back the law, and Health Minister Jane Philpott said no doctor will be required to provide assisted suicide.
“We also heard loud and clear the importance of recognizing conscience rights of healthcare providers, providers who may choose to refuse to provide medical assistance in dying for personal reasons or personal convictions,” Philpott said.