Mountains Everest and Tupangato – what glaciers reveal about climate change and the need to monitor our water towers

a source of fresh water for 2 billion people that must keep flowing – collecting data from higher up than ever before, National Geographic and Rolex support the Perpetual Planet initiative

G n0mwe0tt N0gglnwG GTmeg 0wo xts 0t glhNln0grnlG nmGl hsGg se gTl csnto,G xt0RmlnG 0nl gTmw wmwx 0wo nlgnl0gmwx l0ntC mttmsw NlsNtl olNlwo sw GwscN0Ra 0wo xt0RmlnG 0G gTlmn h0mw GsrnRl se enlGT onmwamwx c0gln cmgT 0xnmRrtgrnl 0wo mworGgnC nltCmwx sw gTlGl G0hl nlGlnplG gss wsc 0wo mRl erwRgmsw 0G c0gln gsclnG C Nnspmomwx 0 nltm0 tl c0gln GrNNtC esn NlsNtl tmpmwx oscwGgnl0h se gTlGl hsrwg0mwsrG nlxmswG 1lggmwx tswx glnh RswgmwrsrG o0g0 sw glhNln0grnl cmwo GNllo Gwsce0tt 0wo xt0Rm0t hltg ensh TmxT 0tgmgrol nlxmswG mG RT0ttlwx mwx s TltN nmoxl gTmG o0g0 x0N gTl lnNlgr0t t0wlg mwmgm0gmpl snx0wmulo C gTl 0gmsw0t 1lsxn0NTmR sRmlgC 0wo erwolo C stl– T0G GrNNsnglo l–NlomgmswG gs g plnlGg mw gTl 2mh0t0C0G 0wo g rN0wx0gs 0 osnh0wg pstR0ws mw gTl GsrgTlnw -Tmtl0w wolG gs mwGg0tt gTl csnto,G TmxTlGg cl0gTln Gg0gmswG plnlGg wsc T0G gTl csnto,G TmxTlGg cl0gTln Gg0gmsw cTmtl rN0wx0gs mG Tshl gs gTl TmxTlGg mw gTl srgTlnw 0wo 9lGglnw TlhmGNTlnlG w

,0aln lnnC 0 NnselGGsn mw gTl .lN0nghlwg se 1lsxn0NTC 0wo t0wwmwx 0g NN0t0RTm0w g0gl wmplnGmgC mw gTl 0wo sh 0ggTlcG 0 Rtmh0gl GRmlwgmGg 0wo tlRgrnln 0g 5srxT snsrxT wmplnGmgC mw gTl Glnplo 0G gTl hlglsnstsxC gl0h Rs tl0oG esn gTl plnlGg l–Nlomgmsw lnnC Rs tlo gTl rN0wx0gs l–Nlomgmsw mw 0l nr0nC Tlmn RswplnG0gmsw omGRrGGlG gTl wllo esn nltm0 tl 0wo ns rGg Rtmh0gl o0g0 ensh TmxT 0tgmgrol Nt0RlG tmal gTl 2mh0t0C0G 0wo

wolG

ltGlC sc0ascGam 9TC GTsrto cl hswmgsn Rtmh0gmR RswomgmswG 0wo cl0gTln TmxT rN mw l–gnlhl nlhsgl Nt0RlG

sh 0ggTlcG 20te se gTl mRl mw gTl 2mh0t0C0G mG Ggsnlo 0g hlglnG 0wo 0 spl 0wo gTlnl,G lGGlwgm0ttC llw ws hswmgsnmwx 0g gT0g TlmxTg esn 0 tswx gmhl 9l T0pl ws mol0 Tsc irmRatC mg h0C l hltgmwx 0tnl0oC 0wo me cl osw,g awsc gTmG cl,nl mw 0 Nssn NsGmgmsw gs rwoln Gg0wo Tsc mg h0C nlGNswo gs mwRnl0Gmwx glhNln0grnlG G gTl glhNln0grnlG nmGl cl GTsrto l–NlRg hsnl Gwsce0tt 0wo NlnT0NG hsnl hltgmwx cTlnl hltgmwx mG NsGGm tl g,G C ws hl0wG Glte lpmolwg gT0g gTl xt0RmlnG 0nl xsmwx gs gTmw 0wo xlg Gh0ttln 0g gTsGl TmxT 0tgmgrolG 0wo gs fill in the gaps we need to get there and monitor what’s going on now to understand how sen Gmgmpl gTsGl GCGglhG d gTl xt0RmlnG 0wo gTl Gwsc Ggsnlo rN gTlnl d 0nl gs c0nhmwx Tlnl 0nl TrwonloG se hmttmswG se NlsNtl tmpmwx oscwGgnl0h ensh gTlGl xt0RmlnG gT0g Nnspmol 0 nltm0 tl c0gln GrNNtC Cl0n nsrwo e mg xlgG Tsg 0wo oslGw,g n0mw mw gTl Grhhln gTl xt0RmlnG Ggmtt hltg gs Nnspmol c0gln gs RshhrwmgmlG oscwGgnl0h TlC 0nl nltm0 tl c0gln GsrnRlG d cT0g cl nleln gs 0G c0gln gsclnG 9l wllo gs awsc cT0g,G xsmwx sw rN TmxT TmxTln gT0w T0G llw hl0Grnlo

lesnl gs rwolnGg0wo Tsc 0o gTl Nns tlh h0C l mw gTl ergrnl 0wo Tsc Gh0tt gTsGl xt0RmlnG h0C xlg Tl hsnl tsR0t hsgmp0gmsw mG gs mhNnspl gTl G0elgC se TmxT 0tgmgrol hsrwg0mwllnmwx Hundreds attempt the peak each year and around a quarter to a fifth of fatalities on Everest T0pl llw orl gs 0o cl0gTln g,G wsg MrGg Rtmh lnG d mg,G 0tGs TlnN0G cTs 0nl 0g nmGa

20pmwx cl0gTln Gg0gmswG rN gTlnl 0ttscG rG gs T0pl lggln cl0gTln esnlR0GgG esn Rtmh mwx G0elgC

,0aln lnnC 9l T0plw,g T0o 0 xsso rwolnGg0womwx se cT0g mg,G tmal rN gTlnl srwg0mwllnG xs 0wo gTlC nmwx 0Ra s Glnp0gmswG ensh Rlng0mw gmhlG 9l,pl T0o G0glttmglG 0wo hsoltG os mwx nl0w0tCGmG rg mg,G wsg gTl G0hl 0G T0pmwx 0 RswgmwrsrG Glg se s Glnp0gmswG lGNlRm0ttC se gTl hsmGgrnl p0nm0 tlG GrRT 0G omeelnlwg hl0GrnlG se TrhmomgC 0wo Gst0n n0om0gmsw cTmRT mG TmxTtC olNlwolwg sw Rtsro Rspln Tl e0Rg gT0g esn Gshl se srn Gg0gmswG sw plnlGg cl have a continuous two-year record of observations is remarkable from a scientific perspective and fills in many voids in our understanding of these locationG 0wo gTl G0hl gTmwx mG T0NNlw

mwx cmgT rNrwx0gs plw gTsrxT mg,G Gs RtsGl gs gTl RmgC se 0wgm0xs 0wo gTl tsc ltlp0gmsw GmglG T0pl llw cltt hswmgsnlo gTlnl gTlGl 0nl wsplt s Glnp0gmswG Rshmwx mw mg,G Gmxnificant esn gTl mhhlom0gl NlsNtl oscwGgnl0h 0wo 0tGs xts 0ttC esn srn rwolnGg0womwx se mhNsng0wg N0ngG se srn Nt0wlg gT0g cl,pl wsg rwolnGgsso plnC cltt

9TC c0G rNrwx0gs mw gTl -Tmtl0w wolG GltlRglo

wl nl0Gsw mG gT0g mg,G Gs RtsGl gs gTl RmgC se 0wgm0xs 0wo gTsGl hsrwg0mwG 0wo gTl rNNln GtsNl se rNrwx0gs 0nl gTl RnmgmR0t c0gln gscln esn gTl NsNrt0gmsw 0wgm0xs mG mw gTl hmootl se gTmG GlnmsrG onsrxTg Gs gTlnl,G 0w rnxlwg nlxmsw0t wllo gs rwolnGg0wo Rtmh0gl RT0wxl 1lg gmwx 0 spl hlglnG sn hsnl mG nlh0na0 tl d cl wllo s Glnp0gmswG ensh rN gTlnl g,G wsg 0G TmxT 0G plnlGg rg mg,G nltlp0wg esn c0gln nlGsrnRlG

9T0g mG gTl Rrnnlwg Gg0gl se gTl csnto,G xt0RmlnG spln0tt

nl 0wC se gTlh xnscmwx

9sntocmol gTl p0Gg h0MsnmgC se xt0RmlnG 0nl xlggmwx Gh0ttln ,ns0otC GNl0amwx gTlC 0nl l–NlnmlwRmwx 0RRltln0gmwx hltg n0glG 0G glhNln0grnlG nmGl 0wo Gwsce0tt R0wwsg allN N0Rl

Tl nlGrtg se gTmG mh 0t0wRl mG gT0g xt0RmlnG 0nl gTmwwmwx 0wo nlgnl0gmwx

w gTl 2mh0t0C0G mg,G cltt osRrhlwglo gT0g xt0RmlnG T0pl nlgnl0glo Gr Gg0wgm0ttC TlGl mx p0ttlC xt0RmlnG T0pl gTmwwlo w gTl wolG h0wC Gh0tt xt0RmlnG T0pl omG0NNl0nlo g,G tl0a esn -Tmtl 0wo hsGg sgTln hsrwg0mw nlxmswG w GNl0amwx cmgT srn Rsttl0xrlG 0wo sgTln NlsNtl gT0g cl,pl csnalo cmgT sw gTlGl gnlaG gTl RswRlNg se omhmwmGTlo c0gln lR0rGl se nlgnl0gmwx xt0RmlnG mG ollNtC NlnGsw0t Tl stoln estaG T0pl Gllw gTl RT0wxlG cmgT gTlmn scw lClG 0wo gTlnl,G 0 nl0t G0owlGG gT0g RshlG cmgT gTl tsGG se Gwsc 0wo mRl rN TmxT gT0g mG gn0wGt0glo mwgs omnlRg mhN0RgG sw gTl 0p0mt0 mtmgC se c0gln esn mnnmx0gmsw tmplGgsRa 0wo oshlGgmR rGl

s xmpl Csr Gshl Rswgl–g esn plnlGg 0nsrwo 0Gl R0hN mg,G gTmwwlo C 0 srg hlglnG GmwRl gTl G s gT0g hl0wG gT0g 0Gl R0hN Nns 0 tC mGw,g cTlnl mg c0G cTlw 2mtt0nC 0wo Norgay first summited Everest – now you’d have to climb 100 hlglnG TmxTln lR0rGl gTl xt0 RmlnG T0pl gTmwwlo 0wo 0Gl R0hN mG sw gTl xt0Rmln 0wo T0G tsclnlo wsc

2sc 0nl gTl cl0gTln Gg0gmswG RswGgnrRglo 0wo Tsc tswx R0w gTlC lwornl gTl TmxT 0tgmgrol RswomgmswG lesnl nl0amwx oscw

Tl RT0ttlwxl Tlnl mG rmtomwx 0wo lwxmwllnmwx 0 Gg0gmsw gT0g mG tmxTg lwsrxT gs l R0nnmlo rN mw omeelnlwg NmlRlG 0wo gTlw Nrg gsxlgTln rg Ggnswx lwsrxT gs Grnpmpl gTl l–gnlhlG gT0g cl Gll rN gTlnl 0wo gT0g mwpstplG Gshl gn0olseeG 0g gmhlG 9Tlw sh 0wo Msmwlo gTl 0gmsw0t 1lsxn0NTmR gl0h mw gTl e0tt se cl xsg gs csna cmgT lwxmwllnG 0g -0hN ltt Scientific which is the company that designed the station. It was a collaborative process,

0wo cl clwg gTnsrxT h0wC mgln0gmswG gs Rshl rN cmgT 0 olGmxw esn 0 gnmNso gT0g mG h0ol ensh 0tr hmwrh 0wo tmxTg lwsrxT gs l R0nnmlo C 0 Gmwxtl NlnGsw Tlnl 0nl RT0ttlwxlG mw mwGg0ttmwx gTlGl GCGglhG lGNlRm0ttC mw Nt0RlG tmal plnlGg cTlnl gTlnl,G swtC 0 GTsng cmwosc swRl 0 Cl0n gs os Gs

s mwesnh srn olGmxw Gg0wo0no esn gTl Gg0gmsw cl T0o gs lGgmh0gl Tsc e0Gg gTl cmwo R0w xlg 9l gTmwa 0 srg hlglnG Nln GlRswo mG wsg srg se gTl irlGgmsw

ltGlC sc0ascGam 2sc os Csr NnlN0nl esn gTl l–NlomgmswG 0wo esn mwGg0ttmwx gTl cl0gTln Gg0gmswG

sh 0ggTlcG os omGg0wRl nrwwmwx cTmRT mG 0w lworn0wRl lplwg s gn0mw esn plnlGg Csr wllo tsgG se lworn0wRl TsrnG cTlgTln mg,G nrwwmwx RCRtmwx sn Gcmhhmwx s mg,G GshlgTmwx like ten to fifteen hours a week for two to three months.

,0aln lnnC 0sn gTl esrn hswgTG tl0omwx rN gs gTl l–Nlomgmsw mg,G 0 tsg se pstrhl ,C nrw wmwx you can get the fitness and the volume a little faster than by doiwx sgTln gTmwxG GNlwg gmhl mamwx 0wo sw gn0mtG osmwx Tmtt nlNl0gG rg wllolo hsnl pstrhl Gs c0G gn0mwmwx hsnl like fifteen to twenty hours per week. But it takes years to prepare for Everest by going on sgTln l–NlomgmswG 0wo rmtomwx gT0g l–NlnmlwRl cmgT gTl glRTwmR0t Gmol se gTmwxG 0wo T0pmwx 0 chance for your body to go to altitude to have that confidence that when you get to 25,000 ellg gT0g Csrn soC cmtt 0o0Ng gs gT0g

0gmsw0t 1lsxn0NTmR l–NlomgmswG R0nnC 0w 0mn se NnlGgmxl 0wo nrxxlo xt0hsn rg l–NtsnlnG 0nl wlplngTltlGG l–NsGlo gs o0wxlnsrG RswomgmswG 9T0g 0nl Gshl se gTl s Gg0RtlG Csr e0Rlo sw gTlGl gnlaG

wl se gTl mgG gT0g tmwxlnG mw hC hmwo esn g plnlGg mw N0ngmRrt0n mG gTl cl0alwlo Gg0gl se the body in these elements. That normally manifests as the inability to fight off sickness and mwelRgmsw 0sn hl mg,G T0pmwx 0 osoxC Ggsh0RT T0tec0C rN plnlGg g,G wsg lpln xt0hsnsrG

uB a lpygr cppMPaN Kpr wtpn np w K cl Np np nB npPc n .n Tywn K cw cPM wyroPoPaN uB a lpygr yt nB r B nPpa c , pNr tBP9 n h hPaPhPk 2 2 aN r a2 h 2 wyr u B 2 uprc2 9c ww B rt np B ct N n yw yt nB hpyan Pa B r r wnPcc B k r2w cPM o c a9B w nB n lpy 9 agn cPhPa n pttcPaN P9 cp9Mw r uprrl pa tprnPpa pK nB nr M py 2pagn K c npp

r o uB a lpy B r wph nBPaN cyr9BPaN a2 9r MPaN Pa nB 2 rM yt B 2

B Byh y .9 K cc Pw 9B cc aNPaN an ccl Pngw B r2 np wn l Kp9yw 2 n nPh w MapuPaN nB p T 9nPo B k r2 a nB Bpnw 9 Pngw a rcl PhtpwwP c np Np np nB nBrpph wPa9 Pngw wp wn tcl ’tpw 2 B n 9ph Pa 2 uPnB nB cnPny2 a2 nB ’nr h 9pc2 a2 uPa2 r PN K 9nprw .a BPc wph pK nB w h 9B cc aN w r nB r yn Pngw apn eyPn w BPNB w o r wn

a9pyan r 2 2 t r wapu a2 cPkk r2 9pa2PnPpaw nB n tPaa 2 yw Pa pyr n anw a o r wn there’s a fixed line that you can clip into almost the whole time, but in Chile we didn’t have nB n B a lpygr nr o rwPaN nB w o rl wn t wapu wcpt w uPnB hP’ 2 wapu a2 rp9M n rr Pa

al wcPt pr K cc Pa wPny nPpa cPM nB n 9 a wPcl K n c

Bl Pw Pn M l np B o wyttprn Krph prN aPk nPpaw a2 9pht aP w cPM Rolex to conduct this type of scientific research?

nPpa

c , pNr tBP9 a2

pr uB n u gr n cMPaN pyn B r uBP9B Pw KrpanP r w9P a9 i KrpanP r Pa nB n Pngw wMPaN ey wnPpaw nB n B o agn a awu r 2 l n a2 Pa nB n u gr NpPaN np nB 2N i Pngw BPNB rPwM

w r9B 9pya9Pcw uBP9B r pyr nr 2PnPpa c wyttprn h nBp2 r Pan r wn 2 Pa nB r w r9B ey wnPpaw yn nB l r c ww cPM cl np uPccPaN np n M nB rPwM B ctPaN yw N n np nB w ’nr h aoPrpah anw 9 yw nB r gw 9B a9 u 9ph 9M uPnB apnBPaN nPpa c , pNr tBP9 h p2P w nB wtPrPn pK ’tcpr nPpa B o 9ny ccl h wyr 2 nB B PNBn pK o r wn h al nPh w apu yn u a o r h wyr 2 nB u nB r pa nB ytt r wcpt w pK o r wn wp Pngw pa pK nBpw Kya2 h an c N tw Pa nB ’tcpr nPpa pK pyr tc a n

nPpa c , pNr tBP9 B w nB BPwnprl a2 ’t rP a9 Kpr ryaaPaN nB w KrpanP r w9P a9 ’t 2PnPpaw B r Tywn r agn h al PawnPnynPpaw nB n B o nB 9 t PcPnl np 9ppr2Pa n cpNPwnP9w Kpr nBPw nlt pK a2 opr

cw l pu MpuwMP B n r wph pK nB u lw nB w ’t 2PnPpaw B o aN N 2 cp9 nPwnw a2 pnB r cp9 c wn M Bpc2 rw Pa nB r w uB r r w r9B Pw PaN 9pa2y9n 2

c w9P a

M r rrl PnB nB o r wn ’t 2PnPpa Pn u w arP9BPaN np B o wp h al t cP 9pcc Ny w a2 wny2 anw Krph rP Byo a aPo rwPnl Pa t c nPpa c , pNr tBP9 h 2 wyr nB r u r pttprnyaPnP w Kpr t cP wny2 anw a2 r w r9B rw np Paopco 2 n hycnPtc c o cw

a nB h n prpcpNl n h r Pa2r M 2M h wn rgw wny2 an Krph rP Byo a aPo rwPnl

B ct 2 Pawn cc nB cpu r wn nPpa a2 B w a B oPcl Paopco 2 Pa nB a clwPw a2 ty cP9 nPpa pK r wycnw apnB r wny2 an akPaN BpNl c B rt B w a Paopco 2 Pa pyr ty cP9 nPpaw npp B B rt n h nB n u an yt po w 9 ht a2 2P2 hpwn pK nB B ol cPKnPaN Kpr yw Pw wy99 ww wnprl up pK nB h Tywn r nyra 2 Krph h Pan a a9 ’t 2PnPpa np nB ytt r wn nPpaw akPaN ,l ck a B rt B w a Pawnryh an c Pa t rKprhPaN wph pK nB paNpPaN h Pan a a9 pK nB u nB r wn nPpaw Pa9cy2PaN oPwPnw np nB BPNB r wn nPpaw n ht .. pynB

pc a2 c9pal .aM p9B K h c , rh a wapu w9P anPwn cwp TpPa 2 nB ’t 2PnPpa w 2P2 u aNkyh B rt nB first female Nepali mountain climber to achieve a certification Krph nB .an ra nPpa c 2 r nPpa pK pyan Pa ,yP2 w wwp9P nPpa a nB BPc a wP2 nB n h u w c 2 l ,Pap w ww a2 K h c Nc 9PpcpNPwn c T a2r wtPapk TpPa 2 yw w u cc

ph nnB uw B a cc nB wny2 anw a2 w9P anPwnw r 99pyan 2 Kpr pa nB o r wn nrPt

pyn B cK u r t cP . u w Phtr ww 2 l nB h PnPpa np h M nBPw w Pan ra nPpa c a2 w Pa9cywPo w tpwwP c .n u wagn Tywn p’ nP9MPaN KKprn i nB wMPcc a2 n a 9Pnl pK nB lpyaN w9P anPwnw Pw tB aph a c

pu B w nB 2 n 9pcc 9n 2 Krph nB o r wn a2 ytyaN np ’t 2PnPpaw scientific study? What have the weather stations revealed so far?

a yw 2 np

P2

We are finding evidence that a lot of melt may already be occurring on Everest’s upper slopes i n c o nPpaw hy9B BPNB r nB a u nBpyNBn h cnPaN upyc2 tpwwP c BPw h aw nB P9 wnpr 2 n nB w B PNBnw i pa o r wn a2 cw uB r Pa nB Ph c l i hPNBn 2Pw tt r hpr eyP9Mcl nB a ’t 9n 2 w nB 9cPh n u rhw uPnB aluB r nB ngw cr 2l h cnPaN hpr w awPnPo np Pa9r w w Pa n ht r nyr BpyNB Pr n ht r nyr w n nB w cnPny2 w a o r r ccl rPw po hPayw n a 2 Nr w cwPyw nB wyacPNBn Pw wp wnrpaN nB n nB wapu nB r 9 a N n hy9B u rh r nB a nB wyrrpya2PaN Pr a wph p99 wPpaw wyacPNBn 9phPaN Pa n nB npt pK the Earth’s atmosphere is much stronger due to reflections between the snowy surface and nB 9cpy2w go cwp a c np ww ww nB r cP PcPnl pK u nB r Kpr 9 wnPaN hp2 cw nB n hpyan Pa rPaN n hw yw Kpr nB r u w ap Nrpya2 nrynBPaN 2 n go a c np show that the forecasts are very good generally up to five days in advance for wind speed.

B n Phtrpo w nB w K nl pK 9cPh PaN

ty cPwB 2 t t r Pa po h r nB n wBpu 2 Bpu r c o an nB l pK aN c Pw Kpr nB hpPwnyr nB n a2w yt K ccPaN Pa nB o r wn r NPpa B o t t r Pa nB tr ww apu uPnB pnB r 9pcc Ny w nB n wBpuw nB n nB h cn w wpa i uB a Nc 9P rw cpw h ww i Pw apu ’n a2 PaN nBrpyNB tprnPpaw pK nB uPan r B 2 r h rM c u rh wt cc Pa ay rl pK nBPw l r uBP9B r wycn 2 Pa h cnPaN pK wapu a2 P9 o a yt BPNB B tP9nyr Pw wn rnPaN np 9ph

Pn 9c r r w np uB ngw B tt aPaN yt n nB w BPNB wn c o nPpaw go cwp a 9pcc pr n PaN uPnB nB t cP Npo rah angw t rnh an pK l2rpcpNl a2 n prpcpNl

B uprc2 9 r w pyn o r wn .ngw nBPw P9paP9 cp9 nPpa w a w trPwnPa yn Pngw nB uprc2gw stage for climate change and the more we fill in the gaps for climate data, the more we can tywB Ncp c hPnPN nPpa Pa nB 2Pr 9nPpa Pn a 2w np Np 2pagn Mapu Bpu eyP9Mcl nB P9 yt nB r uPcc cpwn .K pyr r w r9B 9 a B ct awu r Bpu BPNB cnPny2 Nc 9P rw r NpPaN np r wtpa2 np u rhPaN 9cPh n a2 PK nB n cppMw cPM eyP9M r r nr n nB a u nBpyNBn Pn 9pyc2 h a 9pyanrP w nrl o a B r2 r np N n np 9 r pa a ynr c K wn r B nr awPnPpa pK wapu a2 P9 np r rp9M Pw pyn nB hpwn oPoP2 a2 2r h nP9 lpy 9 a N n Pa a nyr py 9 a w nB c 9M K 9 pK o r wn hpr Kr ey ancl w nB P9 Pw c n 2 hpr eyP9Mcl a2 nB cp9 cw n cM pyn nB n B lgo ’t rP a9 2 9cPh n 9B aN l nB hpyan Paw 9B aNPaN Krph uBPn np c 9M B hpr u 9 a wB 2 cPNBn pa uB ngw NpPaN pa yt nB r nB hpr Bpt Kyc . h

ph pK Pn Pw nBrpyNB nB wnprln ccPaN u 9 a 2p a2 nBrpyNB pyr r w r9B nB n 9 a PaKprh tpcP9l n nB o rl BPNB wn c o c wp 9pyanrP w 9 a r oPw nB Pr 9phhPnh anw np r 2y9 nB Pr

9 r pa hPwwPpaw .n Pw nB PNN wn Pwwy pK pyr nPh .ngw Pa9r 2P c nB n tc 9 w w cp9 cPk 2

w nB wyhhPn pK o r wn 9 a tc l 2PwtrptprnPpa n cl c rN rpc Pa Pccywnr nPaN nB n u a 2 np 2p wph nBPaN K wn r