Ethiopia crisis ‘stain on our conscience’
THE CRISIS in Ethiopia is a “stain on our conscience,” the United Nations (UN) humanitarian chief said, as children and others starve to death in the Tigray region under what the UN has called a de facto government blockade of food, medical supplies and fuel.
In an interview with The Associated Press on Tuesday, Martin Griffiths issued one of the most sharply worded criticisms yet of the world’s worst hunger crisis in a decade after nearly a year of war. Memories of the 1980s famine in Ethiopia, which killed some one million people and whose images shocked the world, are vivid in his mind, “and, we fervently hope, is not happening at present,” he said.
“That’s what keeps people awake at night,” Griffiths said, “is worrying about whether that’s what is in prospect, and in prospect soon.”
He described a landscape of deprivation inside Tigray, where the malnutrition rate is now over 22 per cent – “roughly the same as we saw in Somalia in 2011 at the start of the Somali famine,” which killed more than a quarter-million people.
The war in Ethiopia began last November on the brink of harvest in Tigray, and the UN has said at least half of the coming harvest will fail. Witnesses have said Ethiopian and allied forces destroyed or looted food sources.
Meanwhile, just 10 per cent of needed humanitarian supplies have been reaching Tigray in recent weeks, Griffiths said.
“So people have been eating roots and flowers and plants instead of a normal steady meal,” he said.
“The lack of food will mean that people will start to die.”
Last week the AP, citing witness accounts and internal documents, reported the first starvation deaths since Ethiopia’s government imposed the blockade on the region of six million people in an attempt to keep support from reaching Tigray forces. But the problem is not hunger alone.
The UN humanitarian chief, who recently visited Tigray, cited the lack of medical supplies and noted that vulnerable children and pregnant or lactating mothers are often the first to die of disease. Some 200,000 children throughout the region have missed vaccinations since the war began.
And the lack of fuel –“pretty well down to zero now,” Griffiths said – means the UN and other humanitarian groups are finding it all but impossible to reach people throughout Tigray or even to know the true scale of need.
Phone, Internet and banking services have also been cut off, effectively hiding the crisis from the world. The Mekele University community in the regional capital warned in a letter to the UN, European Union and others that Tigray “is experiencing a man-made form of famine that belittles the 1984 famine in its severity”.
In the letter, shared on Wednesday by the Tigray Communication Affairs Bureau, the community called for urgent intervention.
Billene Seyoum, the spokeswoman for Ethiopia’s Nobel Peace Prize-winning Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, did not respond to questions. The government has blamed problems with humanitarian aid delivery on the Tigray forces, who long dominated the national government before Abiy sidelined them. Abiy’s government also has alarmed UN officials and others by accusing humanitarian workers of supporting the Tigray fighters.
Griffiths called such allegations unacceptable and unfair. He said he has told the government to share any evidence of misconduct by humanitarian workers so the UN can investigate, but “so far as I’m aware, we haven’t had such cases put to us”.
Humanitarian workers boarding flights to Tigray are told not to bring items, including multivitamins, can openers and medicines, even personal ones. The UN humanitarian chief said he too was searched when he visited Tigray, with the authorities examining everything in his bag, and even questioning why he was carrying earphones.
Ethiopia’s crisis has led the UN, the United States and others to urge the warring sides to stop the fighting and take steps toward peace, but Griffiths warned that “the war doesn’t look as if it’s finishing any time soon”.