More fathers opt for parental leave amid strong policy drive
Choi Sang-min, the father of a nine-month-old baby living in the southwestern city of Gwangju, was surprised when his boss recently signed off without much ado on papers he had submitted requesting parental leave.
“It was not what I’d expected. Because I heard that when a male colleague applied for parental leave a few years back, he was called in to the office for the boss ‘to have a word’ with him,” the 37-year-old college employee said.
“All I did was go and tell him, do the paperwork. That was it,” he said.
It was not much different for Yoon Hyo-suk, a father of two who decided to take a year off from work at an advertising agency in Seoul in July 2019 to “take the baton” from his wife and look after the kids, who were aged five and two at the time.
“Some people, of course, tried to talk me out of it, but there was no more gossiping about why a man was taking leave to take care of his kids,” Yoon said.
“I realized there were so many other men like me taking leave and coming back the next year. It has become almost like a routine,” he said.
Fathers choosing to be away from work for child-rearing are no longer considered a peculiar breed in South Korea. Their decisions are fairly easily accepted at workplaces and the cases are getting more common, backed by the growing positive view of fathers actively engaging in parenting, alongside expanded government benefits.
Data by the Ministry of Employment and Labor show that 27,423 working fathers, excluding those in public service and education, took long-term parental leave in 2020, up 23 percent from the previous year.
Fathers accounted for 24.5 percent of the total number of parents on parental leave, a big jump from the 2017 figure of 13.4 percent, apparently driven by the surge in child-rearing demand due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
“The younger the age group you belong to, you don’t perceive raising a child as husbands helping their wives, but as a shared duty that you do together,” Kwon Me-kyung, a research fellow at the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education (KICCE), said.
A recent study by the KICCE found that 18.6 percent of 1,000 married couples with one child or more said that the father in their household either has taken parental leave or is planning to do so.
The percentage was higher among those in their 20s with 30.4 percent, 23.6 percent for people in their 30s and 14.2 percent for the group in their 40s.
For Choi, the decision was half voluntary and half inevitable.
“My wife is having a hard time taking care of the baby alone and we’re a single-income family,” he said. “But I want to be as progressive as possible in doing my part in raising our child. So I’ve been saving up to prepare for the time I’ll be away.”
South Korea first introduced parental leave in 1987 for mothers only with a child under age 1, before it was opened to fathers from 1995. But the allowance programs had not been properly established until the early to mid 2000s.
In an effort to encourage more people to take parental leave, the government introduced a “bonus system” in 2014 of giving a larger monthly allowance if the second parent of a family takes time off after their spouse uses it up.