Prisoners freed as DAESH loses Mosul grip

Nearly half of western part of city retaken

BAGHDAD, March 11, (Agencies): Islamic State has released dozens of prisoners held in jails in the districts of the northern Iraqi city of Mosul that remain under its control, residents said on Saturday.

The release of the prisoners on Friday is another sign that the militants are being overwhelmed by the US-backed Iraqi offensive that started on Oct 17 to dislodge them from Mosul, their last major city stronghold in Iraq.

Islamic State has lost most cities it captured in Iraq in 2014 and 2015. It declared a caliphate that also spanned parts of Syria from Mosul in 2014.

Among those released were people who had been caught selling cigarettes, violating a smoking ban, or in possession of a mobile phone and therefore suspected of communicating with the outside world, the residents said.

Iraqi forces dislodged Islamic State from the eastern side of Mosul in January, and on Feb 19 launched the offensive on the districts located west of the Tigris river.

State-run TV on Friday said about half western Mosul has been taken back from the militants who are besieged in the old city centre and districts to the north.

One of the men released on Friday said two militants got him out of a basement where he was held captive with other people, blindfolded the group and drove them away in a bus.

“After driving a distance, we stopped and they told us to remove the blindfolds and then they said ‘go, you are free,’” he said by phone, adding that about 25 prisoners were on the bus.

The man, who requested not to be identified, indicated that had spent two weeks in prison for selling cigarettes.

One Mosul resident said his brother had suddenly reappeared at the house on Friday after spending a month in captivity for possessing a mobile phone.

Extensive excavations by Islamic State militants under Mosul’s ancient Mosque of Jonah show they took care to preserve artifacts for loot, a local archaeologist said, in sharp contrast to their public desecration of antiquities.

The ultra-hardline Islamists seized the mosque when

they stormed through northern Iraq three years ago, bulldozing and dynamiting ancient sites and smashing statues and sculptures, declaring them all idolatrous.

Jonah’s mosque was blown up in July 2014, but experts surveying the damage after it was recaptured in January by a US-backed Iraqi campaign found a network of tunnels dug by the militants, leading down to a 7th century BC Assyrian palace.

The careful way the tunnels were dug show the militants wanted to keep the treasures intact, said archaeologist Musab Mohammed Jassim, from the Nineveh Antiquities and Heritage Department.

“They used simple tools and chisels to dig the tunnels, in order not to damage the artifacts,” he said, standing near the tunnel network which leads from the mosque ruins above ground to the much older subterranean palace.

The digging “was carried out according to a plan and a knowledge of the palace,” he added.

The efforts to avoid damaging the antiquities contrast with the destruction of ancient sites across Islamic State’s self-declared caliphate in Syria and Iraq, from the desert city of Palmyra to the Assyrian capital of Nimrud, south of Mosul.

The desecration was recorded on video and widely published by Islamic State supporters, who protrayed it as part of their campaign to erase any cultural history which contravenes their extreme interpretation of Sunni Islam.

However the United States has said

looting and smuggling of artifacts has been a significant source of income for the militants. In July 2015 the US handed Iraq a hoard of antiquities it said it had seized from Islamic State in Syria.

While Islamic State’s 30-month occupation of the Mosque of Jonah left a legacy of damage and theft, it has also opened up fresh opportunities for archaeologists.

Excavations which were launched in 2004, the year after the US-led invasion of Iraq, revealed an entrance to the palace of Assyrian king Esarhaddon, guarded by large lamassus — human-headed winged bulls carved from stone.

But work halted shortly after because it threatened the foundations of the mosque, built over the reputed burial site of the biblical prophet revered by Jews, Christians and Muslims — who know him as Nabi Yunis.

“The whole palace remained untouched by the experts and foreign excavation,” Jassim said as he toured the tunnels, still lined with broken bits of pottery as well as sections of stone panel with carved figures and cuneiform text.

“So this site, the Esarhaddon Palace, maintained all its features ... It contains large collections of sculptures of different sizes and shapes and valuable artifacts”.

Esarhaddon, who ruled ancient Assyria for 12 years in the early 7th century BC, was the son of Sennacherib whose military campaigns against Babylon and the kingdom of Judah are recorded in the bible.

Evidence

Iraq is assessing what help it might need to collect and preserve evidence of Islamic State crimes, but has not yet decided whether it needs United Nations assistance, the country’s UN Ambassador, Mohamed Ali Alhakim, said on Friday.

Britain is drafting a UN Security Council resolution to establish a UN investigation to collect and preserve evidence for future prosecution, but would like Iraq to approve such a move by sending a letter formally requesting council action.

International human rights lawyer Amal Clooney and Nadia Murad, a

young Yazidi woman who was enslaved and raped by Islamic State fighters in Mosul, pushed Iraq on Thursday to allow a UN inquiry.

“We don’t want people to tell us what we need, we will tell them what we need and that’s really the bottom line,” Alhakim told reporters, acknowledging that Iraq does need technical forensic support.

“Let’s get it from the EU (European Union), let’s get it from the UK, let’s get it from the US,” he said. “Technical assistance you can get from anywhere, you don’t need a Security Council resolution to get technical assistance.”

Alhakim said Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi would decide whether to ask for United Nations help.

“We want the government of Iraq to send (the letter) as soon as possible,” Britain’s UN Ambassador Matthew Rycroft said on Friday. “The best route would be with the full consent and at the request of the government of Iraq.

“There are other ways of doing this if that route does not prove to be possible,” he added.

The Security Council could establish an inquiry without Iraq’s consent. The 193-member UN General Assembly could establish a special team to preserve evidence and prepare cases — as it did for Syria in December — or the Security Council could refer the case to the International Criminal Court.

Murad and Clooney, who represents Murad and other Yazidi victims of Islamic State, on Friday met with UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres.

Islamic State is committing genocide against the Yazidis in Syria and Iraq to destroy the minority religious community through killings, sexual slavery and other crimes, UN experts said last June.

Chemical

Iraq’s UN ambassador said Friday there is no evidence that the Islamic State extremist group used chemical weapons in an attack in Mosul, the country’s second-largest city.

Mohamed Alhakim told reporters ahead of a closed Security Council meeting on a reported chemical attack that he had spoken to officials in Baghdad and informed UN disarmament chief Kim Won-soo of the lack of evidence in advance.