Key players to meet virtually to push for Libya cease-fire

UN strikes maritime deal with Tripoli

UNITED NATIONS, Oct 3, (AP): The United Nations and Germany are co-chairing a ministerial meeting on Monday of world powers and other countries with interests in Libya’s long-running civil war in hopes of promoting a cease-fire between its rival governments.

Germany’s deputy UN ambassador Günter Sautter said Friday the virtual meeting is “an important follow-up” to a conference of the same parties in Berlin on Jan 19 that approved a 55-point road map to peace in oil-rich Libya and agreed to respect a muchviolated arms embargo, hold off on military support to the warring parties, and push them to reach a full cease-fire.

Stephanie Williams, the top UN official for Libya, warned last month that the conflict-torn North African country is at “a decisive turning point,” with foreign backers of its rival governments pouring in weapons – in violation of the Berlin agreement – and the misery of its people compounded by the coronavirus pandemic.

Sautter said Monday’s meeting “comes at a crucial moment.” He pointed to “some encouraging developments in Libya” including talks on security, “the longterm agreements on transition, and progress on the question of oil exports.”

In the years after the 2011 uprising that toppled longtime autocrat Maummar Gaddafi, Libya has sunk further into turmoil and is now divided between two rival administrations, based in the country’s east and west, with an array of fighters and militias – backed by various foreign powers – allied with each side.

Tensions escalated further when east-based forces, under commander Khalifa Hifter, launched an offensive in April 2019 trying to capture the capital, Tripoli. But Hifter’s campaign collapsed in June when militias backing the UN-supported government in Tripoli, with Turkish support, gained the upper hand.

Hifter is supported by the United Arab Emirates, Russia, Jordan and Egypt while the Tripoli forces are supported by the wealthy Gulf state of Qatar and by Turkey, a bitter rival of Egypt and the UAE in a broader regional struggle over political Islam.

Sautter said Germany hopes participants in Monday’s meeting – co-chaired by UN SecretaryGeneral Antonio Guterres and German Foreign Minister Heiko Maas – will renew their commitments to the Berlin road map and its implementation.

“We hope that they will call on the parties to accelerate efforts to achieve a cease-fire,” Sautter said. “We hope that continuing blatant violations of the arms embargo will end.”

UN experts monitoring sanctions against Libya said in a report, seen by The Associated Press last month, that the arms embargo was being violated by both sides and their foreign backers, and remains “totally ineffective.”

They said 11 companies also violated the arms embargo, including the Wagner Group, a private Russian security company that the panel said in May provided between 800 and 1,200 mercenaries to Hifter.

Sautter said Germany also hopes Monday’s meeting “will strengthen the United Nations as key facilitator of the political dialogue in Libya.”

Meanwhile, the United Nations has registered a maritime delineation deal reached between Turkey and Libya’s UN-backed government, the Turkish Defense Ministry announced Friday.

Last year, Turkey and the Government of National Accord, or GNA, which is based in Tripoli, reached a memorandum of understanding demarcating their maritime boundaries. The agreement, which would allow them to lay claim to large areas of the Mediterranean Sea and potential energy deposits, was denounced by Greece, Cyprus and other nations.

“The UN has registered the maritime jurisdiction deal as agreed between Turkey and Libya,” the ministry announced on its Twitter account. ” Our deep ties with Libya based on over 500 years of history will continue to strengthen.”

Greece and Cyprus have protested the deal, which added tension to an ongoing dispute over oil-and-gas drilling rights in the eastern Mediterranean.

Turkey and the GNA also signed a security and military cooperation agreement last year. Turkey earlier this year sent troops, Syrian mercenaries and other military support that helped the GNA repel an assault by the rival, eastern-based Libyan National Army and shifted the tide of the conflict.

“We will continue to provide training and advisory services to the UN-recognized, legitimate government of Libya,” the ministry said.