Solving the violence in Myanmar
PLIGHT OF THE ROHINGYA: Experts share views on ways to address the crisis plaguing thousands in Rakhine state
THE conflict in Myanmar’s northwestern state of Rakhine has sent hundreds of Rohingya Muslims fleeing across the border to Bangladesh, and has killed hundreds of people and displaced thousands so far.
Soldiers have poured into the area along Myanmar’s frontier with Bangladesh, responding to coordinated attacks on three border posts on Oct 9 that killed nine police officers.
Rohingya residents and human rights groups accuse the military and border guard forces of raping Rohingya women, torching houses and killing civilians during operations there. The Myanmar government and military deny the accusations.
It is the most serious bloodshed in Rakhine since hundreds were killed in communal clashes in 2012.
The violence has renewed pressure on Myanmar and Nobel Peace Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi’s administration to address the plight of the 1.1 million Rohingya, who are denied citizenship and access to basic services.
How can Myanmar put an end to the violence? Here are what experts said:
Sam Zarifi, Asia-Pacific regional director at the International Commission of Jurists
The NLD (the National League for Democracy government) should publicly call for an investigation and for the protection of the human rights of all people in Myanmar. Unless it uses its mandate to call for the equal treatment of Rohingya people, human rights violations could escalate, tarnishing the NLD’s image and engraining discrimination.
In the long-term, those who live in Rakhine state, both the (Buddhist) Rakhine and Muslim populations, must enjoy human rights, including citizenship, access to education, healthcare and justice.
NLD must be the voice of reason rather than of discrimination.
Lilianne Fan, humanitarian and conflict expert on Myanmar and Asia:
While the Myanmar government has the right to react with force to insurgent attacks, the brutal way in which this operation is being conducted has generated condemnation from the international community and has called into question the extent to which Suu Kyi and her NLD government can control the military.
This unwillingness by the NLD government to critique the military’s update is dangerous and will lead to thousands more falling victim to military violence and to a deepening humanitarian crisis. While the areas under military operation have been under lockdown since Oct 9, over the past few days, hundreds of refugees finally made it to Bangladesh. Unfortunately, Bangladesh is not welcoming them and has pushed hundreds back across the border to Myanmar.
It is highly likely that we will see another outflow of Rohingya refugees to other countries in the region.
Daniel Sullivan, senior advocate at Refugees International:
The escalating violence in Rakhine state can be solved by allowing access to international observers and humanitarian aid. An independent international investigation is needed to address the reported abuses and to deter further abuses. The violence is occurring in a vacuum of impunity in which neutral reporting and, more importantly, life-saving aid are being denied.
Punishing the Rohingya population by cutting off aid and denying neutral reporting only sets the stage for further death and suffering.
Charles Santiago, chair of Asean Parliamentarians for Human Rights:
Asean needs to abandon its consensus and non-interference apwould proach, and perceive the ongoing problem as a regional problem. It require some Asean disciplining of Myanmar. The time for that has arrived.
Julia Mayerhofer, deputy secretarygeneral of Asia-Pacific Refugee Rights Network
We have been looking at the role of regional players, such as Asean and the Bali Process on People Smuggling, Trafficking in Persons and Transnational Crime. Asean, which is crippled by its principle of nonwell interference, must wake up and engage in humanitarian advocacy as as provide constructive support.
Champa Patel, Amnesty International’s South Asia director:
Accounts of human rights violations must be investigated in a genuinely independent, impartial and efficient way.
The only real solution, both in the short- and long-terms, lies in respect for the human rights of Rohingyas in Myanmar. Long-term, entrenched and systemic discrimination against Rohingya must end.