The Borneo Post

Nuclear powers modernisin­g, arms control outlook ‘bleak’ — Report

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STOCKHOLM: Nuclear powers continue to modernise their arsenals, researcher­s said Monday, warning that tensions were rising and the outlook for arms control was “bleak”.

“The loss of key channels of communicat­ion between Russia and the USA... could potentiall­y lead to a new nuclear arms race,” said Shannon Kile, director of the nuclear arms control programme at the Stockholm Internatio­nal Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) and co-author of the report.

Russia and the US account for more than 90 percent of the world’s nuclear weapons.

Kile was referring to the future of the New START treaty between the US and Russia, which is set to expire in February 2021.

It is the final nuclear deal still in force between the two superpower­s, aimed at maintainin­g their nuclear arsenals below Cold War levels.

“Discussion­s to extend New START or to negotiate a new treaty made no progress in 2019,” the SIPRI researcher­s noted.

At the same time, nuclear powers continue to modernise their weapons while China and India are increasing the size of their arsenals.

“China is in the middle of a significan­t modernisat­ion of its nuclear arsenal. It is developing a so-called nuclear triad for the first time, made up of new land- and sea-based missiles and nuclearcap­able aircraft,” SIPRI said.

The country has repeatedly rejected Washington’s insistence that it join any future nuclear arms reduction talks. The number of nuclear warheads declined in the past year.

At the start of 2020, the United

States, Russia, Britain, China, India, Pakistan, Israel and North Korea together had 13,400 nuclear arms, according to SIPRI’s estimates, 465 fewer than at the start of 2019. The decline was attributed mainly to the United States and Russia.

While the future of the New START treaty remains uncertain, Washington and Moscow have continued to respect their obligation­s under the accord.

“In 2019 the forces of both countries remained below the limits specified by the treaty,” the report said.

But both nations “have extensive and expensive programmes under way to replace and modernise their nuclear warheads, missile and aircraft delivery systems, and nuclear weapon production facilities,” it added. — AFP

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