The Sun (Malaysia)

Meteorite that smashed into Mars shook planet: NASA

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SCIENTISTS who study Mars on Thursday revealed the remarkable Christmas gift they received from the planet last year.

On Dec 24, 2021, a meteorite hit Mars’ surface, triggering magnitude 4 tremors, which were detected by NASA’s InSight spacecraft – which landed on the planet four years ago – some 2,200 miles (3,500 kilometers) away.

The true origin of this so-called marsquake was only confirmed when the Mars Reconnaiss­ance Orbiter (MRO) was able to take a picture of the newly formed crater created by the hit when it flew over the impact site less than 24 hours later.

The image is impressive, showing blocks of ice that were spewed up onto the planet’s surface around the 150m wide and 21m deep hole.

The crater is the largest ever observed since the MRO began its Mars orbit 16 years ago.

And though meteorite impacts on Mars are not rare, “we never thought we’d see anything that big,“Ingrid Daubar, who works on the InSight and MRO missions, told reporters during a recent press conference to announce the findings.

Researcher­s estimate that the meteorite itself would have measured between 16 to 39 feet across.

An object of that size would have disintegra­ted in Earth’s atmosphere before falling to the ground here.

“It is simply the biggest meteorite impact on the ground that we have heard since science has been done with seismograp­hs or seismomete­rs,” said planetolog­y professor Philippe Lognonne, who participat­ed in two studies related to the observatio­n published in the journal Science late last month.

NASA released an audio recording of the collision, which was made by speeding up the vibrations collected by the seismomete­r.

Useful’ ice presence

The valuable informatio­n gathered in studying the crash will contribute to deeper knowledge of Mars’ interior and the history of how the planet was created, scientists said.

The presence of ice, in particular, is “surprising”, said Daubar, who also co-authored the two studies.

“This is the warmest spot on Mars, the closest to the equator, we’ve ever seen water ice,“she said.

In addition to the informatio­n this discovery offers about the Martian climate, the presence of water at this latitude – and not just near the poles – could prove “really useful” for future human visitors to Mars, director of NASA’s Planetary Science Division Lori Glaze said.

“We’d want to land the astronauts as near to the equator as possible,” she said, to take advantage of warmer temperatur­es.

“That ice could be converted into water, oxygen or hydrogen,” Glaze said.

The impact was powerful enough to generate seismic waves both down to the planet’s core and across its crust horizontal­ly, making it possible to study Mars’ internal structure – revealing that the crust on which InSight sits is less dense than the crust the waves traveled over from the crater site.

The end of InSight’s mission – which recorded more than 1,300 marsquakes in total – could come in the next couple of months, according to Bruce Banerdt of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab, due to the expected accumulati­on of dust on the lander’s solar power panel.

It’s “sad,” he said, while celebratin­g that the probe worked “marvelousl­y” for four years.

 ?? NASA ?? Scientists have learned more about the Martian climate. –
NASA Scientists have learned more about the Martian climate. –

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