Oolebele dhaUganda tadhi longele kumwe no-IS mo-DRC
OSHITOPOLWA shomuuzilo waDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC) osha kala eyana lyoolebele, unene iikolokosha hayi ziilile piishiindalongo Rwanda, Burundi naUganda. Mokati koongundu dhaa na henda ndhoka tadhi longele moka omu na ongundu yaUganda yoAllied Democratic Forces (ADF). Ongundu ndjika yOshislam oya li ya totwa momimvo dho1990 noya kala ashike okulonga niikonga yawo moUganda. Ashike konima sho ya tukuluka ishewe moDRC, oya tameke okulonga iilonga yuukulo pamuthika guuyuni, niiponokela tayi ningwa medhina lyongundu yoIslamic State (IS).
ADF oya tameke ngiini?
ADF oya li ya totwa muumbangalantu waUganda kaanambelewa aakulu yetanga lyegameno mboka ya li ya gama komuleli omunankondo Idi Amin. Oya li ya kutha omatati nokulwitha omuleli a lela ethimbo nuule gwaUganda, Presidente Yoweri Museveni, taya ti aamuslema otaya monithwa iihuna kepangelo. Konima sho ya sindika ketanga lyegameno lyaUganda mo2001, oya li ya tembukile koshitopolwa sha North Kivu mo-DRC. Oya kala ya mwena po, noya tukuluka ishewe mo2014 nokutameka okuningila aakwashigwana ya-DRC iiponokela.
Musa Seka Baluku okwa ningi omuleli mo2015 konima sho ngoka a li omuleli Jamil Mukulu a li a kwatwa po mo2015. Baluku anuwa okwa li tango a holola kutya okwa gama ko-IS mo2016.
Ashike IS oya li ashike ya itaala oshikando shotango mo2019 kutya oyi na mo iikonga moshitopolwa, sho ya li ya ti oyo ya ninga oshiponokela popepi noongamba dhaUganda.
Omapopyo ngoka ogo ga li ga ndhindhilike etseyitho lyo-IS miitopolwa yopondingandinga yaAfrica-Central Africa Province (Iscap), mbyoka konima ya ka kwatela mo wo naMozambique. Nonando pe na omandhindhiliko kutya IS oya ulika ADF, IS inayi tumbula nando edhina lyoADF moopropaganda dhayo.
MuSepetemba 2020, Baluku okwa li a ti ADF oya hula po.
“Mongashiingeyi, tse oshitopolwa shaCentral Africa Province, shimwe shomiitopolwa oyindji mbyoka yoIslamic State,” osho a ti ngaaka. Iikundaneki yomoshilongo onkene natango tayi ulike ADF onyala kombinga yiiponokela.
Onkalo oyi li ngiini mo-DRC?
Shi ikwatelela kehangano lyIigwanahangano lyi na sha noontauki (UNHCR), UDF oya dhipaga konyala aakwashigwana 200 nokutembudha konyala 40 000 moBeni okuza muJanuali 2021. Ongundu yoolebele ohayi ponokele wo omatanga gopakwiita gepangelo nogo-UN. Okuza sho IS ya tameke mo-DRC, iiponokela oya ningi oyindji. Iiponokela yoIscap ohayi holoka momudhingoloko gwaADF, unene moBeni moshitopolwa shaNorth Kivu, nomathimbo gamwe hayi tikile wo koshitopolwa shopuushiinda shedhina Ituri. Iiponokela yimwepo ohayi ningilwa omilitali, ashike oyindji yomuyo mbyoka yi nyanyaleka ohayi ningilwa aakwashigwana aakelesiti.
Oshiponokela oshinene sha ningwa koIscap sigo oompaka ooshoka sha ningwa muKotomba 2020 sho ya ponokele ondholongomokamwataukaaanandholongo ya adha po1 000.
Uumbanda wiikolokosha womaitaalo gopambepo
Iikolokosha muuzilo wa-DRC oya guma wo komihoko, ashike sho mwa idhopo IS, otashi eta wo omaipumomumwe galwe gomaitaalo gopambepo.
Aakongo aaitaali yaKatoolika kaRoma, nongeleka ohayi dhana onkandangala moshilongo. Aamuslema oye li oopelesenda 10%.
Aamuslema moBeni oya tameke okuholola omauvonayi gawo kombinga yongundu yoolebele, ashike shika oshi na oshilanduli. MuMai, aakwangeleka yaali ya tseyika nawa ihaaya popile oolebele dho-ADF oya li ya yahwa okusa moBeni. Ongundu yoolebele oya kwatakanithwa wo niiponokla ya ningilwa Aakatoolika. MuKotomba 2012, oya li ya kwata po ombambyona aapristeli yatatu yaKatoolika okuza moshinyanga shongeleka momudhingoloko gwaMbau. Sigo oompaka kape na ngoka e shi mpoka ye li.
Mopropaganda yawo, IS oya kala nokusheka nkene aakelesiti nankene epangelo lyaDRC lya ndopa oku ya gamena kiiponokela ya taalela.
Oluhindo ndoka uukwatya wo-IS, moka hayi hongayitha aakwashigwana opo yip ewe oombandi onga omugameni gwAamuslema mboka tya thindilwa kongudhi.
Opropaganda ya-IS
ADF itayi monika ya fa tayi kondolola iikundaneki yawo yene nenge yi popye kombinga yiiponokela yawo. Ashike o-IS oyi na iikundaneki yokomalungula mbyoka hayi yambidhidhwa wo palwe. Oopropaganda odhindji dhoIscap odha kwatela mo omishangwa tadhi koloke kutya oyo ya ninga iiponokela, osho wo omafano konima yiiponokela mbyoka.
MuMaalitsa, onga euliko lyoonkondo, Iscap oya li ya pititha omafano taga ulike iikulo yawo tayi ende momukunda gu li moshitopolwa shaIturi konima yoshiponokela sha ningilwa etanga lyegameno. Ashike omafano ngoka oga pumba notaga ulike kutya IS ke shi oshinima oshinene natango mo-DRC.
MuKotomba 2020, oshikundaneki shoIS shedhina al-Naba osha pititha omafano goIscap ye li miikonga yiiponokela moDRC naMozambique mule woomwedhi 12.
Eindjipalo lyoolebele moshitopolwa
Iikolokosha yoolebele muuzilo wa-DRC unene oya kwathelwa sho mwaa na iikondo yepangelo ya kola osho wo okwaa inekela omayakulo gomilitali. Pampito ndhika IS otayi vulu okutamununa iikonga yawo nawa, ngaashi naanaa ya ninga moIraq noSyria mo2014, osho wo muuninginino waAfrica, moka ya taaguluka okuza muuzilombangalantu waNigeria okuya moshitopolwa shaSahel. IS olundji ohayi longitha nokumanga uukuni kumwe noongundu dhomoshilongo ndhoka dhi na omalalakano ga faathana, ngaashi naanaa ye na ekwatathano no-ADF.
Iscap otashi vulika yi longithe iiponokela opo yi tane miilongo yopuushiinda. Shika oshi iwetikile nale moMozambique noshiponokela shotango shoIscap sha li sha ningwa oshikando shotango moTanzania muKotoomba omumvo gwa yi, shoka sha thigi anuwa aakwiita 20 ya sa.