High- end design meets farming
Every time you think we know all there is to know about agriculture, nature has a habit of coming along, tapping you on the shoulder and reminding you that really, we don’t.
Like sand flies in summer, not all native species are what you could describe as cute, cuddly or wanted.
Porina caterpillars love to chew the grass equally of lawns in town and farm pasture in the countryside.
Meanwhile, grass grubs attack grass from below, ironically proving that beside scale, both town and country have much in common. These insects do their worst during the key periods of growth for pasture and lawns. If you live in town and find bare patches of lawn, odds are you’ll know what I mean.
Since pasture is the engine room of any farm and directly supports half of everything we export to the world, helping to pay our way in it, farmers will spend many millions of dollars trying to control these insects. Nature being nature means this becomes a biological game of whack- a- mole.
Luckily for us that porina and grass grub are both natives. That means something would have coevolved with them to help keep their numbers in check. That we are slowly finding out what these natural controls are affirms my faith that science can and will rise to the challenges we face.
In the blue corner against porina comes AgResearch’s Yersina entomophaga MH96, a natural bacteria. Before Christmas Rural News reported that porina, after ingesting it, developed a range of toxins causing the caterpillar to die rapidly. Proving why we say good things take time, like with improving water quality, MH96 was only identified in 1996 but it has only recently broken cover.
In the red corner against grass grubs comes the Foundation for Arable Research’s discovery that the maggots of a native carnivorous fly called Ostenia robusta have a taste for the grubs. FAR’s recent fly discovery, like AgResearch’s MH96, will take time to commercialise but they prove how resourceful our scientists are in finding innovative solutions to the problems we collectively face.
These discoveries, and there are more beside, prove to me just how little we know about what’s under our feet. That statement is also proven by our meat and fibre industries, and the millions of animals which graze pasture afflicted by porina and grass grub. It makes you wonder what we are missing out on because the revenues from red meat exports alone are worth around 35 Avatar movies each year, or some 80 times the annual revenue generated by tech company Xero.
When we talk reform of red meat or of agricultural science, it matters to all New Zealanders. Federated Farmers is not one to sit back while a key industry fails to fulfil its potential. That is why we have put to our members a range of reform options that will inform our strategy for 2014. There is no reason why meat and fibre could not be as big as dairy once again, but it starts with belief.
We have put three broad options to members: Processor Focused, Behaviour Focused and Marketing Focused. To be fair, there are many suggestions within each of the options, so it is more like a pick ’ n’ mix. It does canvas the big issues like a Fonterra- type approach to the separation of processing and marketing we call toll processing. Even fishing quota like Tradeable Processing Rights are in the mix right through to an Anzac approach for marketing and research.
None of these ideas is new, but joining the dots is. One idea that is new comes to us via the successful Uruguayan red meat industry. We call it total value transparency, and it is about transparent information so that co- ordination, collaboration and in- market behaviour can finally be quantified. For farmers, it would tell us where the value is being added to what we produce.
Another example of new thinking comes from wool, which is regaining its mojo thanks to design houses like Wellington’s The Formary. This month, we received the fantastic news that a new fabric blend of Kiwi mid- micron wool and Chinese rice straw is to start commercial production mid- year. This has the potential to perhaps create significant demand for New Zealand crossbred wool.
Co- founder Bernadette Casey is one of those great visionary Kiwis who can see new ways of reinventing wool. The new fabric is also being shown to North American and European furniture manufacturers and distributors. Given China has overtaken Australia as our largest export destination, this has the potential to be big. What The Formary shows me is that our economic future is about taking what we do best and vastly increasing its value through intellectual property.
Casey has not missed what’s beneath her feet and we need more like her to make 2014 the year we finally get the bugs out of meat and fibre. In the case of porina and grass grub, I mean that quite literally.
Bruce Wills is the president of Federated Farmers of New Zealand.