Australia focus
PM Malcolm Turnbull heads into election year
As Malcolm Turnbull enters an election year, he’ll be hoping his good economic fortune holds. Since taking over as Australia’s Prime Minister in mid-September, the jobless rate has fallen to 5.8 per cent from 6.2 per cent, economic growth accelerated to 2.5 per cent from 2 per cent and optimistic consumers outweighed pessimists.
In the prior two years under Tony Abbott, unemployment climbed to a 13-year high and growth slowed to less than 2 per cent, piling pressure upon his leadership.
The green shoots prompted Goldman Sachs Group and Citigroup to scrap calls for interest-rate cuts and are timely for Turnbull as he prepares to overhaul the tax system and potentially labour laws to promote faster growth.
History is against the 61-year-old, however, as Australia’s most recent lasting economic reform was 15 years ago and the last government to tackle the labour market was drummed out of office in 2007.
“Turnbull certainly has been lucky,” said Zareh Ghazarian, a politics lecturer at Monash University in Melbourne. “The way he is travelling, the only problems he faces will be self- inflicted ones, such as trying to increase taxes as part of a reform package. That’s likely to prove unpopular and make the election a closer contest than many foresee at the moment.” Polls Turnaround The Prime Minister, who said the next election would likely be in September or October, has transformed the Abbott Government’s 8-point deficit to the opposition Labour Party in opinion polls into a 6-point lead, according to Newspoll.
Turnbull has also extended his margin over Labour leader Bill Shorten to 49 points as preferred Prime Minister since assuming his position in September.
Traders’ bets on another interestrate cut from an already record low 2 per cent have also swung around since the leadership change. There’s now a less-than-50-per cent chance of a reduction by June compared with a 65 per cent chance the day before the change.
Bill Evans, Westpac Banking Corp’s chief economist who called the most recent easing cycle, predicts unchanged policy in 2016, while Alan Oster, National Australia Bank’s chief economist, reckons a rate rise is likely late next year.
The way he is travelling, the only problems he faces will be self-inflicted ones, such as trying to increase taxes as part of a reform package. Zareh Ghazarian, politics lecturer at Monash University.
Services Strong “The next move is up,” said Oster, a former senior Treasury official who oversees NAB’s business sentiment survey. “The services part of the economy is doing really well and both the Reserve Bank and Treasury have an unemployment forecast that is too high,” he said, referring to their estimates of 6 per cent.
An interest-rate rise next year, which is seen by only a few economists, could coincide with national elections.
Still, a rise from the current record low 2 per cent wouldn’t be as significant for voters as the RBA’s hike to 6.75 per cent during the campaign for the 2007 election which saw the Howard Government voted out.
Australia’s jobs market has been one of the surprises of 2015, with the biggest back-to-back employment gain since 1988 in October and November. Consumer confidence also surged 4.2 per cent and 3.9 per cent in those two months, respectively.
Consumer anxiety in Australia fell to the lowest level in a year in the fourth quarter, reflecting diminished concern about job security and an improvement in the economy outside the mining industry, National Australia Bank said. The NAB quarterly index declined to 61.1 from 62.5 in the three months through September and fell below its long-term average of 61.9. Jobs Growth Employment agency Randstad said there had been a large run-up in hiring by retailers ahead of the Christmas and holiday period while health care, particularly the aged sector, has been a major job generator. But the star has been construction, driven by infrastructure spending and a housing boom, it said. Taking Credit While Turnbull would no doubt love to take credit for the employment surge, “it’s probably far too close to his taking office to put it down to the new Prime Minister”, said Randstad employment analyst Steve Shepherd.
While Australia is in its 25th year of growth, the free ride from a mining bonanza to feed Chinese demand is at an end. Iron ore, Australia’s biggest export, is hovering around US$40 a dry tonne, down from a 2011 peak of US$191.70, leaving Turnbull’s Government with a revenue shortfall.
As global commodity prices have fallen, so has the country’s currency, dropping about 30 per cent since the start of 2013. The Aussie dollar was trading at US72.57c yesterday. It reached a post-float record of US$1.1081 in July 2011.
“The better jobs numbers would be reflecting the improvement in the competitiveness of the economy through the fall in the exchange rate,” said Evans, who oversees Westpac’s key household sentiment survey. Turnbull’s replacement of Abbott has “led to a genuine lift in consumer confidence that should mean a better spending environment”.
Investment Lagging Increased household spending is a key plank of the central bank’s prediction of economic growth of between 2.5 per cent and 3.5 per cent in the year through December 2016, supported by higher employment and a lower savings rate.
That leaves business investment as the main laggard. The Government is trying to reanimate innovation and entrepreneurship to spur firms to take advantage of opportunities locally and abroad. It’s considering some potentially politically difficult structural economic changes, including increasing the consumption tax, to boost productivity and revitalise growth.
Former Prime Minister John Howard’s Treasurer, Peter Costello, this month warned the Government against taking an increase in the goods and services tax to 15 per cent from 10 per cent to an election.
“If the coalition goes ahead with that proposal, you can . . . stop worrying about other policies,” he wrote in a newspaper column.
“It will swamp everything. It won’t matter what happens on defence or security or industrial relations or anything else.”