New study offers hope for people with hearing loss, dizziness disorder

A new study has shown that gene therapy could restore balance and hearing in genetically modified mice that mimic Usher Syndrome, a genetic condition in humans characterized by partial or total hearing loss, dizziness, and vision loss that worsens over time.

The hearing loss and dizziness is caused by abnormalities of the inner ear. Dizziness and hearing loss are among the most common disabilities affecting humans and can be severe and debilitating.

Researchers from the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine carried out the study which was published in Molecular Therapy.

Primary investigator, Wade Chien, M.D., a neurootologist and associate professor with the Johns Hopkins Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery team who also practices at the Johns Hopkins Healthcare and Surgery Center in Suburban Hospital in Bethesda, MD., and his team administered gene therapy to the inner ears of genetically modified mice carrying a mutation in a gene which is associated Usher syndrome.

These mutant mice are deaf and have significant balance problems from birth. After gene therapy administration, the balance function of the mutant mice was completely restored. In addition, these mutant also had improvement in hearing. This study was one of the first to show that gene therapy can be used to improve hearing and balance functions in a mouse model of hereditary hearing loss. This study was funded by the NIDCD intramural research program.

“Inner ear gene therapy offers tremendous potential as a new way to help patients with hearing loss and dizziness,” Chien said.

While the positive results are striking the researchers caution that the results are preliminary and will require additional research in humans to demonstrate fully their utility in treating humans.

However, they are optimistic that their data indicate that inner ear gene therapy hold promise for treating a variety of human inherited vestibular and hearing disorders, including Usher Syndrome.

His work was supported by funds from the NIH NIDCD Division of Intramural Research and from the Nebraska Tobacco Settlement Biomedical Research.