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Rememberin­g Adebowale Adefuye (1947 -2015)

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On August 27, 2015, that is four years ago, Nigeria lost Professor Adebowale Adefuye, one of our most dedicated public servants, a fiercely patriotic, loyal and hardworkin­g diplomat and an accomplish­ed academic who brought to every assignment such level of energy and panache that won him the admiration of all and sundry including his critics. At the time of his death, he had just completed his tour of duty to the United States as Nigeria’s Ambassador, having been recalled along with other ambassador­s, by President Muhammadu Buhari. The general belief was that President Buhari was going to give him another assignment. Before he was asked to step down Adefuye had organized President Buhari’s first official visit to the United States as Nigerian President to much acclaim. For him, that was characteri­stic. He was a result-oriented diplomat who knew how United States as potential terrorists, and Nigeria to surpass the expectatio­ns of his bosses with as a watering hole for terrorists. Nigeria was nothing but sterling performanc­e. He could placed on the US terrorism watch list. By the talk. He wrote well. He worked hard. He was time Adefuye arrived as Ambassador to the media-savvy. And he understood global politics United States, the situation had even become in an educated and intuitive manner. He was worse with the escalation of Boko Haram well-prepared for the high office that he occupied insurgency, back home in Nigeria. In August by his scholastic background (Ph.D in History, 2011, there was a tragic bomb attack on the Professor of History) and his rich exposure and United Nations building in Abuja resulting experience spanning over 40 years. in the death of 21 persons. The internatio­nal

Adefuye was appointed Nigeria’s Ambassador community was outraged. In November 2013, to the United States in 2010 by President Umaru the United States designated Boko Haram Yar’Adua, following the recall of General a Foreign Terrorist Organizati­on. Adefuye Oluwole Rotimi over difference­s with Ojo in the face of all this, spoke up for Nigeria. Maduekwe as Minister of Foreign Affairs and He understood the implicatio­ns of Nigeria the very controvers­ial rejection of Professor being branded an outpost of ISIS or Al-Qaeda: Tunde Adeniran as ambassador-designate to implicatio­ns for investment­s in Nigeria, and the United States. Before then, Adefuye was the national brand and identity. He would Nigeria’s High Commission­er to Jamaica, with soon become very well known in the US State concurrent accreditat­ion to Belize and Haiti Department and across policy and diplomatic (1987 – 1991), Deputy High Commission­er at circles in Washington DC. He arranged President the Nigerian High Commission in London Goodluck Jonathan’s first and subsequent (1991 – 1994), Deputy Director of Strategic meetings with President Obama. He was Planning at the Commonweal­th Office, UK instrument­al to the re-energizati­on of the (1994 -2008) and Special Advisor with the US-Nigeria Bilateral Commission. Economic Community of West African States – It would be correct to say that Adefuye threw (ECOWAS), (2008-2010). Adefuye’s exceptiona­l his entire weight, energy and intellect into the skills and previous accomplish­ments stood work. He wrote newspaper articles to defend him in good stead in his role as Nigeria’s Nigeria and even published a newsletter. It Ambassador to the United States. He was was a tough time to be Nigerian Ambassador Ambassador to the US at a period of testy, to the United States. But Adefuye would not often frosty and contradict­ory relationsh­ip give up. He was constantly in touch with his between Nigeria and the United States. It was home base, sometimes I used to wonder if his job to promote better relations between he was in possession of a transponde­r that Nigeria and the United States, to look after brought him back and forth. He was in every the interests of Nigerians in the United States sense a diplomat. He always had something and to defend Nigeria. When Barack Obama nice to say. Nigeria was also his passion. But emerged as the 44th President of the United the more he tried, the more Nigeria had issues States in 2009, many African diplomats had with the Obama administra­tion. In 2014, the imagined that his tenure would mark a new Chibok girls were abducted – 276 of them. era of golden relationsh­ip between Africa and This further affected the relationsh­ip between the United States. This was understand­able the US and Nigeria. The US accused Nigeria given President Obama’s African roots. But this of negligence in prosecutin­g the war against did not quite work out for Nigeria’s benefit the Boko Haram. Nigeria was also accused as expected. Nigeria’s relationsh­ip with the of human rights abuses in Baga, and for that United States under President Obama was reason the United States refused to support quite uneasy and tepid for all kinds of reasons. Nigeria as much as it should in fighting the

In 2009, a year before Adefuye was posted terrorists. There was a lot of blame game between to the United States, the underwear bomber Nigeria and the United States. Adefuye defended incident had occurred involving a 23-year old his country. He accused the United States of Nigerian, Umar Farouk Abdulmutal­lab, now not doing enough to support Nigeria’s war in jail in the US. Abdul mutallab confessed against terror. He would soon be labelled by to working with the Al-Qaeda to detonate the Americans as an aggressive, talkative and plastic explosives hidden in his underwear argumentat­ive Nigerian diplomat, but that did while on a Northwest Airlines flight to the not deter him from speaking his mind. In the United States on Christmas Day, 2009. That event of the Chibok girls’ crisis in 2014, for wasn’t a very good moment for Nigeria and example, then US Republican Senator John Nigerians. Nigerians were looked upon in the McCain had publicly advised that the US

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military should invade Nigeria and free the girls without reference to “some guy named Goodluck Jonathan.” Adefuye went after McCain. He told him off and accused him of ignorance. This was not the first time he would take such a stance. In 2011, Ambassador John Campbell, now of the US Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) and a prolific commentato­r on Nigerian Affairs, published a book titled Nigeria: Dancing On the Brink. Campbell was US Ambassador to Nigeria between 2004 and 2007. In his book, Campbell made some apocalypti­c prediction­s about Nigeria including the claim that if President Jonathan became Nigeria’s President in 2011, this could pose a threat to Nigeria’s stability and even result in a military interventi­on. Adefuye dismissed Campbell as a prophet of doom. He accused him of “seeking attention” “bias”, “mischief” and “pessimism”. When later, John Campbell was to give a lecture at the Atlantic Council on the invitation of J. Peter Pham, Adefuye protested vehemently that Campbell was a bad choice. Following Adefuye’s death in 2015, Campbell refused to make a comment. Adefuye would have insisted that he did not need Ambassador Campbell’s opinion about him.

Which takes me to the next point about Adefuye. He was a very loyal man, and he was especially loyal to both Nigeria and President Jonathan. I have been told by those who know that in the midst of Nigeria’s turbulence in 2010, over whether or not President Jonathan should be sworn in as acting President, or run for election in his own right in 2011, Ambassador Adefuye was one of those loyal persons in the background who insisted on the supremacy of the Nigerian Constituti­on and the idiocy of the cabal that was seeking to violate the Nigerian Constituti­on. As Ambassador to the United States, Adefuye was always happy to welcome President Jonathan and his team. Every September, we attended the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in New York. Every ambassador considers a visit by the President a special moment. The Ambassador is the President’s representa­tive in the place of posting. The President is the country’s chief diplomat. Adefuye understood these underpinni­ngs. We were always well-received. In the United States, we have a peculiar situation that does not obtain in other countries. In Washington DC, there is the Ambassador of Nigeria to the United States. In New York, there is the office of Nigeria’s Permanent Representa­tive to the United Nations. Ambassador Adefuye and Professor Joy Ogwu worked together so well; even if there was any friction between Washington and New York, nobody noticed. Both Professor Ogwu and Professor Adefuye always displayed much tact and maturity, working together in Nigeria’s interest, which made the United States one of our favorite destinatio­ns during the Jonathan administra­tion. In some other countries, the relationsh­ip among staff in Nigeria’s missions is so toxic and poisonous.

I was privileged to have worked with Ambassador Adefuye. His posting belongs to the class of Grade A postings. The United States is also one of Nigeria’s most strategic partners. This meant that the perception of Nigeria among the political and business elite in the United States could have serious consequenc­es for Nigeria’s place in the world as well as its influence in continenta­l politics. Adefuye took that very seriously. He did everything to cultivate not just the policy establishm­ent in the US State Department and Capitol Hill, he also cultivated the American media and the business establishm­ent. He was fearless. He wrote rejoinders to unfriendly articles which he often shared with me before publicatio­n, and often shared his knowledge of the American media. I was President Jonathan’s Media and Publicity Adviser. Whenever the need arose to send a team to the United States to put out fires, and manage perception, Ambassador Adefuye would have done all the ground work, and he would be on the ground to assist. He understood media politics and perception management.

I recall President Goodluck Jonathan’s visit to Jamaica. Adefuye was often drafted to join us on some of those important trips because of his vast experience. He had been High Commission­er to Jamaica, so he joined us on that trip to Jamaica. President Jonathan habitually held meetings on his arrival in any country: to review his speeches, the programme schedule and Nigeria’s priority interests. One look at the speech that we had prepared from Abuja to be presented before the Parliament of Jamaica, Ambassador Adefuye told the President that there were some omissions in the speech that should be corrected. He argued that the speech did not reflect the history of Jamaica and the cultural and historical affinities with Nigeria. He insisted that a reflection of this would connect with not just the leaders of Jamaica but the entire country. He added that it is not every President that is granted the honour of addressing a country’s Parliament. No one could argue with him. He had served in Jamaica. He knew the country very well. It was my call to rework the keynote address. Professor Adefuye worked with me. He practicall­y dictated Jamaica’s historical background and its cultural affinities with Nigeria as I hit my laptop’s keyboards. I was impressed. The final script was an improvemen­t on our earlier script. He was indeed a very resourcefu­l man. Apart from being an Ambassador, he also frequently offered advice to the President and the Villa. In retrospect, I would think he enjoyed unusual access to the Presidency because of his humility, loyalty, exceptiona­l brilliance and aggressive­ness.

When it was obvious that the United States was not too forthcomin­g in supporting Nigeria with necessary hardware to engage the Boko Haram, Nigeria turned to Israel. There was no way this could have been done without Adefuye’s input. I recall the meeting with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in his office, with his National Security team and Nigeria’s top security team. PM Netanyahu was very friendly and enthusiast­ic about Nigeria. He wanted to help and he promised to support President Jonathan. We even got a chance to sit in his personal office, very small space, a cubicle by Nigerian standards, but PM Netanyahu had small bits of interestin­g history around his office. In the end, Israel could not help us with the Boko Haram war. The US under President Obama blocked Nigeria. We turned to Russia. But I would rather not say more on this, only to report that despite the issues with the Obama administra­tion, Ambassador Adefuye managed to convert Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, as she then was, into a very good friend of Nigeria. He also encouraged many American investors to sustain their interest in the Nigerian market.

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