Nations agree on global road map to steer breakneck urbanisation

QUITO, Ecuador: The United Nations formally adopted a global road map to grapple with rapid urbanisation on Thursday, capping nearly two years of behind-the-scenes international negotiations aimed at designing development priorities for cities and towns over the long term.

The New Urban Agenda (NUA) sets out a host of general goals such as development of sustainable and compact cities that do not harm the environment and redevelopment of informal settlements with the participation of residents.

The 23-page document was agreed upon at the UN Habitat III conference, held every 20 years to discuss the future of the world’s cities, by the UN’s 193-member nations.

“Urbanisation is happening at an unprecedented pace and scale, and 3.7 billion people now live in cities. We think in the forthcoming years, by 2050, this will rise to 7 billion,” said Joan Clos, Executive Director of Habitat III.

“It is historic in the sense that never in human history have we seen such a transformation of human society,” he said. “This represents huge challenges, and the NUA aims to guide strategy to face these challenges.”

Unlike the 2015 climate negotiations in Paris that sought legally binding agreements on global warming, the NUA is non-binding. Clos said it should be seen as a guide to generate debate before implementation at the national level.

“We want to say that we need not fear urbanisation,” he said. “There are some countries that want to stop urbanisation, put a wall against it. We want to guide it.”

Many points in the NUA are related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted by the UN last year to end poverty and inequality by 2030. One SDG calls for making cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.

The NUA drew sharp criticism from a number of scientists who say it fails to address the urgency of growing urbanisation and contains no tangible plan. “(This) is entirely absent from the NUA. The planet has already moved beyond critical planetary boundaries related to climate, biodiversity, land use and fertiliser use,” said Timon McPhearson, assistant professor of urban ecology at The New School in New York.

JOAN CLOS Executive Director of Habitat III