US inflation has not 'turned the corner yet', IMF warns
Inflation in the United States has not "turned the corner yet" and it is too early for the Federal Reserve to declare victory in the fight on rising prices, a top IMF official said in an interview with the Financial Times.
Gita Gopinath, a deputy managing director of the Fund, urged the US central bank to press ahead with rate rises this year. "If you see the indicators in the labour market and if you look at very sticky components of inflation like services inflation, I think it's clear that we haven't turned the corner yet on inflation," she told the newspaper.
Meanwhile, all officials at the Federal Reserve's Dec. 13-14 policy meeting agreed the U.S. central bank should slow the pace of its aggressive interest rate increases, allowing them to continue increasing the cost of credit to control inflation but in a gradual way meant to limit the risks to economic growth.
The minutes of the meeting, showed policymakers still focused on controlling the pace of price increases that threatened to run hotter than anticipated and worried about any "misperception in financial markets that their commitment to fighting inflation was flagging. But officials also acknowledged they had made "significant progress" over the past year in raising rates enough to bring inflation down.
As a result, the central bank now needed to balance its fight against rising prices with the risks of slowing the economy too much and "potentially placing the largest burdens on the most vulnerable groups" through higherthan-necessary unemployment.
"Most participants emphasized the need to retain flexibility and optionality when moving policy to a more restrictive stance," the minutes said, indicating officials may be prepared to scale back to quarter-percentage-point increases as of the Jan. 31-Feb. 1 meeting, but also remained open to an even higher than anticipated "terminal" rate if high inflation persists.
Indeed, the minutes put a premium on explaining that the decision to move to smaller rate increases should not be construed by investors or the public at large as a weakening of the Fed's commitment to bring inflation back to its 2 percent target.
"Participants reaffirmed their strong commitment to returning inflation to the (Federal Open Market) Committee's 2 percent objective," the minutes said. "A number of participants emphasized that it would be important to clearly communicate that a slowing in the pace of rate increases was not an indication of any weakening of the Committee's resolve to achieve its price stability goal."
Policymakers approved a half-percentage-point point rate increase at last month's meeting, a step back from the three-quarters-of-a-percentage-point hikes used through much of 2022.
"No participants anticipated that it would be appropriate to begin reducing the federal funds rate target in 2023," the minutes said.
Markets, however, moved in the other direction after the release of the minutes. Interest-rate futures dipped slightly as traders stuck to bets the Fed will lift the target interest rate to just shy of 5 percent in coming months and then begin cutting it in the second half of the year. Fed officials in December projected that rate, currently in the 4.25 percent-4.50 percent range, would rise to just over 5 percent by the end of 2023 and likely remain there for some time.
The U.S. economic outlook presented by Fed staff at last month's meeting suggested that the battle to lower prices may last longer than anticipated. Recent economic growth had been stronger than previously expected, Fed staff said, and as a result economic output was not expected to slow to a below-trend pace and unemployment rise above its "natural rate" until "near the end of 2024" - a year later than anticipated.
Below-trend growth and unemployment above the natural rate are considered among the conditions that can slow inflation. Still, for some policymakers the risks to growth had become more pressing, with Fed staff suggesting that a recession over the next year was a "plausible alternative."