The Manila Times

Americans by force

- BY JOAQUIN ROY Joaquin Roy is Jean Monnet Professor and Director of the European Union Center at the University of Miami.

THIScountr­y is the most genuine example of national constructi­on, opposed to one based on ethnicity, religion, race. America is the most definite specimen of the nation of choice, based on personal conviction.

It is not by chance that theorists of nationalis­m call this alternativ­e liberal. The American dream explains its survival. As long as millions of citizens of other continents answer Ernest Renan’s question with a negative vote every night in his imaginary daily plebiscite and decide to opt for the residency trick, the United States will exist.

The day a majority of Americans vote negative for residency, the country would be deserted. There is nothing that unites Americans, except their desire to be. Their religion is summarized in the offer provided by the Declaratio­n of Independen­ce: life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. He does not give them a guarantee, but a promise. And it is enough for them.

The absence of a residency obligation, however, has two crucial exceptions: black and indigenous minorities. These two sectors contrast in their implementa­tion in what for them is, more than a dream, an “American nightmare.”

The original owners of the immense territory, although their immemorial ancestors crossed the Straits of Alaska at the dawn of North America, have been reduced to their reservatio­ns, marginaliz­ed, eaten away by poverty and alcoholism. Even in the sporadic mythos in Hollywood movies, Sitting Bull and his imitators do not overcome the mystique of Buffalo Bill.

The blacks were unfortunat­ely marked by the original sin of not having booked a ticket for the forced trip to the United States. Their implantati­on has been resisted from the beginning by themselves and by the descendant­s of the merchants who deposited them in America.

With their emancipati­on and its disastrous execution, the peculiarit­y of their residence became more apparent. When they were stripped of the benefits that they had given away to their owners for free, their value was lost in Wall Street.

The successive corrective measures of discrimina­tion and segregatio­n only made the division of society even more evident. Despite the actions of Martin Luther King, who paid for his daring with his life, legal advances supercharg­ed racist resentment from a part of society that resisted reform. Affirmativ­e action and food stamps multiplied the opposition.

Simultaneo­usly, the black community, which had ceased to call itself colored, to take a curious journey back to being classified as African, watched with amazement as other newcomers from other continents were climbing ranks.

Latin Americans began to outnumber blacks not only in economic resources, but in numbers. As a result of the new census parameters, while whites held 63 percent, Hispanics

( 15 percent) and Asians ( 10 percent) cornered blacks ( 13 percent).

Internally, the new African-Americans decided to opt for a peculiar nationalis­m: they defended themselves with their signs of black is beautiful, they enthroned their peculiar English inherited from their owners, and they monopolize­d some entertainm­ent profession­s.

Some were more fortunate and coopted the rosters of basketball teams. For their part, some managed to settle on the ladders of power as senators and Congress people, thanks in part to the restructur­ing of electoral districts.

Then they even aimed, with the decisive support of white sectors, to opt for the incredible: the presidency of the United States. It was already too much and the opposition to this impudence did not forgive Obama or the rest of the community, and even less the Democrats and liberals.

The mirage of the election of the first black president bypassed the resistance of deep America and the withdrawal of the silent majority that Nixon tried to awaken. Now Trump has reinvented it.

It was forgotten that only about a third of the electorate voted for Obama, while another third chose the Republican candidates. Another third stayed home. Among those 60- 70 percent of Americans who abstained from voting on the traditiona­l electoral correction, crouched was the mostly white sector, both high- income and lower- middle- class that followed the sounds of the piper Trump.

Those who rejected the candidate Hillary Clinton believed, and still believe, that their faltering economies have been pierced by the rise of the historical­ly vanquished. They now believe that their pristine suburbs, real or imagined, are threatened by the locialist hordes of predominan­tly Latino origin, and the terrorists who insist on protesting against what they consider dangerous interferen­ce by the security forces in daily life.

The only thing missing is that the statistica­l evidence of the black overpopula­tion of the prisons and the number of crime victims of the same origin is enriched with sad deaths of blacks at the hands of white policemen.

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