Local archaeologists use their practice as a tool for heritage literacy

Since it was built by Spanish conquistadors in the 1500s at the mouth of the Pasig River, Fort Santiago has remained a silent testament to Philippine history, its main gateway—all 40 ft. of intricately carved stone—towering over all who enter.

While the military fortress in Intramuros is as popular a tourist destination as it is a field trip stop for students, many might not know that Fort Santiago was literally built on the ashes of a much older Maynila, ruled by Rajah Sulayman and razed to the ground by the Spanish in 1570.

Undiscovered information like the aforementioned are brought to light by Tuklas Pilipinas Society, a non-government