Wabahlenga empilweni nasemzabalazweni uMama uMxenge
UMama uNonyamezelo Victoria Mxenge wahlonishwa nge-Order of Luthuli in Silver engasekho emhlabeni ngenxa yegalelokazi lakhe emzabalazweni. Noma aqala ngokuba umhlengikazi, uMama wakwaMxenge wagcina esewummeli wamalungelo abantu, esebenzisana nomyeni wakhe uGriffiths Mxenge. Bobalili kwatholakala ukuthi babulalwa ngomashayabhuqe bakaHulumeni wobandlululo.
Kwakuvutha amalangabi eMlaza, eningizimu yeTheku, ngoNcwaba we-1985, ngemuva kokubulawa ngesihluku kumaMama uNonyamezelo Victoria Mxenge. Abantu babetshelwe ukuthi yiNkatha eyayibulale uMama wakwaMxenge, kanti kwakungabasocongi ababesebenzela uMbuso wobandlululo, ababudula uMama, baphinde bamgenca phambi kwezingane zakhe uMbasa, uViwe noNamhla.
Ubulawe mhla lu-1 kuNcwaba ngowe-1985, kwathi ngakusasa uMlaza wavalwa thaqa, abafundi nentsha bengalawuleki befuna ababulali bakaMama la. Amaphoyisa aze asebenzisa isisi esikhalisa unyembezi nezinhlamvu zenjoloba ukuhlakaza abantu ababevale imigwaqo benze nezihlabaluhide zamamashi.
Waqala waba ngumhlengikazi wagcina esengummeli uMama wakwaMxenge njengomyeni wakhe uMnu uMlungisi Griffiths Mxenge, naye owabulawa yibona abasocongi bobandlululo ngoLwezi we-1981. Ngaphandle kokuba ngummeli wamalungelo abantu. uMama wakwaMxenge wayebuye abe yisishoshovu se-African National Congress (ANC) noMgcinimafa we-United Democratic Front (UDF), eNatal.
Wayezalelwe emakhaya eTamara, eKing Williams Town, esifundazweni i-Eastern Cape, mhla lu-1 kuMasingana ngowe-1942. Ukhulele khona wafunda waze waphothula izifundo zobuhlengikazi ngowe-1964. Yena, nomyeni wakhe uGriffiths, bafudukele eThekwini, ubaba uMxenge wasungula inkampani yabameli, elwela amalungelo abantu. Kwakuhlale kuphithizela emahhovisi kaMxenge, eDumjee Centre, eThekwini. UMama wakwaMxenge usebenze esibhedlela eKing Edward, ngaphambi kokuba ayosebenza emitholampilo eyahlukene eMlaza. UMama wenze izifundo zomthetho e-UNISA, wagcina esengummeli ngokugcwele ngowe-1981. Uqale ngawo lowo nyaka wasebenza nomyeni wakhe, bengabameli bamalungelo abantu. Ukubulawa ngesihluku komyeni wakhe kwavula esinye isahluko empilweni kaMama wakwaMxenge, ngoba umkhuzi womashayabhuqe baseVlaakplaas, uDirk Coetzee, wayethi uMxenge ubulawe uKhongolose, okuyinto uMama wakwaMxenge ayeyiphika.
Ngaphambi kokuba abulawe ubaba uMxenge wake wadonsa iminyaka emibili eRobben Island ngoba wayenendima ayeyidlala kwipolitiki. UMama wakwaMxenge ubengummeli onamava namagalelo ngoba ubemela abalwelinkululeko namadelakufa. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka ye-1980, uHulumeni wobandlululo wagasela eMatola, eMozambique, washaya wabhubhisa kumalungu e-African National Congress (ANC), waphinda futhi wahlasela eLesotho ngoZibandlela we1985, wabulala amalungu e-ANC. Nguyena uMama owayemele imindeni yabantu ababulawa kulezo zibhicongo.
Nguyena futhi uMama owayemele abafundi bakaMatikuletsheni ngowe-1983, imiphumela yabo eyayigodlwe nguMnyango Wezemfundo kuzwelonke. UMama wakwaMxenge wamela izigagayi ze-UDF eMgungundlovu, ezazithweswe icala lokuvukela uMbuso. Nguyena futhi uMama owayesekomidini lokukhululwa kukaMandela iRelease Mandela Committee. Ubengumholi weNational Organization of Women (NAWO). Ubulawa nje uMama wakwaMxenge wayephuma emhlanganweni wepolitiki engena egcekeni kwakhe kwa-V eMlazi. NgoNtulikazi we-1985 wayekade ethule inkulumo emngcwabeni weCradock Four, oMatthew Goniwe, uFort Calata, uSparow Mkhonto noSicelo Mhlawuli.
Umgcwabo kaMama wawuthanyelwe yizinkumbi zabantu emakhaya aseRayi, ngaseKing Williams Town, bebalelwa ezi-10 000. Imiyalezo yenduduzo evela kuMnu u-Oliver Reginald Tambo noMnu uNelson Mandela yafundwa, kulowo mgcwabo. Ngesikhathi kuhleli isigcawu seKhomishini Yamaqiniso Nokubuyisana, ngowe-1996, kwavela okushaqisayo ukuthi kanti uMama wakwaMxenge wabulawa ngabasocongi bethunywe ngamaBhunu. UMartin Sefako waphumela obala okokuqala wathi wayengomunye wamadoda amane asoconga uMama kwa-V eMlazi, yena esabizwa ngoBongi Raymond Malinga. Wathi wayethunywe nguBrigadier uPeter Swanepoel, umkhuzi wabasocongi.
IMantshi eThekwini yenqaba ukuthi kube nophenyo oluvulelekile ngokusocongwa kukaMama yathi akwemukelwe umbiko othi ubulawe yizingozi azithole ekhanda. Isibindi sikaMama, ukuzinikela kwakhe ekusebenzeleni umphakathi kusukela engumhlengikazi, eba ngummeli wamalungelo abantu, abeyisigomagoma somzabalazo wenkululeko, eba ngumfelokazi ozikhandlayo, nomama emndenini wakhe nasemphakathini, abeyisibani sethemba kubantu baseNingizimu Afrika, yikhona okwenza kukhulunywe ngaye nanamuhla, kutuswe amagalelo akhe. AbakwaMxenge bahlonishwe ngendondo yamaqhawe omzabalazo i-Order of Luthuli in Silver. UMasipala weTheku, ubahloniphile abakwaMxenge ngemifuziselo ekhona uma ungena elokishini uMlazi.
Izinto ezazuzwa nguMama uMxenge empilweni yakhe, wayengazenzeli yena siqu sakhe, kodwa wayenzela abantu baseNingizimu Afrika abacindezelwe. Kusukela esengumhlengikazi, wabona ukuthi useyikhathulile indima kulowo mkhakha, wangena kowokulwela amalungelo abantu, waba ngummeli. Akagcinanga lapho ube ngumholi wezinhlangano zomphakathi ezingenzi nzuzo, inqubo nje uma kusizakala aboHlanga.
Ngumama lo owagona wakhulisa izingane ayengazizali siqu sakhe, kodwa ezazimthathisa okukaMama wazo. Yingakho iciko uMbongeni Ngema aqamba ingoma ukuhlonipha uMama uMxenge, isihloko sayo sathi ‘”MAMA”.
Wayema enkantolo uMama uMxenge enabanye abameli bamalungelo abantu, abanjengoMnu uKwenza Mlaba, uMnu uBheka Shezi, uMnu uLouis S’kweyiya, uMnu uJustice Phoswa, uMnu u-Aubrey Nyembezi, uMnu uVuka Shabalala, uMnu u-Archie Gumede, besiza abantu noma benganamali benzela ukuthi kube nobulungiswa.
UMama uMxenge, wathola ukwesekwa okuyisimanga ngoba ubandlululo ayelwa nalo kwakuyinqubo eyayigxekwa ngamazwe omhlaba.